Xenbase: a Xenopus web resource

The cytoskeleton is the network of protein filaments, and their accessory proteins found in eukaryotic cells. It is directly responsible for the cell's shape, movement, and mechanical properties.

Critical cellular processes, in particular mitosis, cytokinesis and membrane trafficking, are powered by cytoskeletal machines.

In addition, interactions with the cytoskeleton influence a number of other behaviors, including signaling pathways and cellular differentiation. .

While the cytoskeleton is an interconnected network, it is conventionally (and pragmatically) broken into three distinct cytoplasmic systems: microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments.

Within the nucleus, there is a structural network of lamins associated with inner nuclear membrane.

In Xenopus, the cytoskeleton plays a particularly critical role in the establishment and maintanance of the molecular polarity of the oocyte, the establishment of the dorsal/ventral axis, the morphogenic movements of gastrulation, neurulation and tissue formation.