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Figure 7. Model of regulatory mechanisms for pattern formation at gastrula. In the dorsal center, Activin/Nodal signals phosphorylate Smad2/3 to activate Gsc expression. The expansion of Chd and ADMP can also be achieved by Gsc-independent pathways. In the ventral center, BMP4/7 signals phosphorylate Smad1/5/8 and lead to the expression of Vent1/2. BMP4 is also able to activate ventral center secreted proteins by Vent-independent mechanisms. The function of Gsc and Vent is to regulate each other, providing an intracellular compensatory mechanism that works in concert with the extracellular networks of growth factors and their antagonists. Image published in: Sander V et al. (2007) Copyright © 2007, European Molecular Biology Organization. This image is reproduced with permission of the journal and the copyright holder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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