Xenbase Image ID: 130152

Fig. 5 – Decreased Rai1 results in defects in axon patterns, brain morphology, increased forebrain apoptosis and decreased bdnf expression. Rai1 morphants injected with 5 ng of morpholino were used for each analysis. (A, B) Dorsal view of representative tadpoles (stage 42) labeled with a neurofilament marker (3A10) showing aberrant axon patterns and axonal beading in Rai1 morphants (arrowheads). The brain is outlined with white dots to provide context. (C, D) Dorsal view of representative tadpoles (stage 42) where the ventricles were injected with Texas Red labeled dextran. Fluorescent images were superimposed onto the light micrographs to provide context. Results show that Rai1 morphants have dramatically decreased ventricle space in the forebrain. (E, F) A marker of apoptosis, cleaved caspase-3 (green) reveals increased cell death in the forebrain of Rai1 morphants. Shows a compressed z-stack of a midline sagital section at stage 33–34. Counterstained with nuclear marker (propidium iodide; red). The brain is outlined with white dots and the position of the developing embryonic mouth is indicated by a white arrow for context. (G) Bar graph of the average number of cleaved caspase-3 positive cells showing a significant difference (t tests, brain; p = 2.48E-10, face; p = 0.713) in the brain (star) but not in the face. (H) qPCR analysis of bdnf expression in Rai1 morphants at stage 25–26 (28 hpf). Expression was normalized to ef1alpha and presented as a fold change compared to control. Results indicate a statistically significant negative 1.5-fold change (t test, p = 0.0049) in Rai1 morphants. Image published in: Tahir R et al. (2014) Copyright © 2014. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V. Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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