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Fig. 7. Ectopic expression of either pitx2a or pitx2c affects heart and gut morphogenesis, including laterality, in Xenopus embryos. Embryos were injected at the 4-cell stage on the right side. (A) Normal heart morphology in an uninjected Xenopus embryo. (B) Reversed heart in an embryo injected with pitx2a DNA. (C) Malrotated heart with normal laterality in an embryo injected with pitx2c DNA. Embryos were fixed at stage 46 and processed for immunocytochemistry with an anti-cardiac troponin T antibody. Arrowheads indicate the direction of the heart outflow tract. a, atrium, v, ventricle. (D) Normal coiling of the gut in a uninjected embryo. Diagram depicts the counterclockwise coiling of the gut. (E) Reversed gut coil in an embryo injected with pitx2a. (F) Abnormal and reversed gut coiling in an embryo injected with pitx2a. Insets in E and F show improper initiation of coiling.

Image published in: Essner JJ et al. (2000)

Copyright © 2000. Image reproduced with permission of the publisher and the copyright holder. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

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