Xenbase Image ID: 134570

Figure 2. A: Reproducible phenotypes induced by morpholino (MO) injection. Control uninjected embryos and embryos injected with each MO, as indicated. All are hybridised with a neural marker (blue staining), apart from (p–s) which are unstained, as follows: a–d, ElrC; e,f, Sox3; g–o, N-tubulin. The main features of the phenotypes caused by the MOs were as follows: 16G8 causes shortening of the anterior–posterior axis, 26A10.2 causes a reduction of ElrC staining particularly in the cranial nerve region (arrowhead in d) and broadening of the hindbrain (arrowhead in f), 17D4 causes posterior truncation (h) and/or bifurcated axis (i), 26E1.1 results in enhanced posterior development/open proctodeum (arrowhead in k and l) and hypodorsalisation, 18E6 causes cell death that starts anteriorly (n) and spreads posteriorly (o), and 25H12.1 causes extreme microcephaly. Most are lateral views apart from e,f,m,n,o,r,s, which are dorsal views. Anterior is to the left in all panels. Each set of control and experimental embryos was photographed under the same magnification (×40–×60). B: Expression patterns of targeted genes by in situ hybridisation. a: Expression of 16G8 (blue) along the neural tube of a neurula embryo. b: Expression of 16G8 (magenta) in a broad band around the equator of a gastrulating embryo, blastopore side down. c: 26A10.2 expression is high in neural tissue of neurula embryos. d: 17D4 expression in a neurula embryo. e: 26E1.1 expressed at the anterior neural tube. f: 18E6 expression at the anterior end of the neural tube. g: 25H12.1 expression in mid-anterior neural plate in two bilateral patches (black arrowhead) and the anterior neural ridge (white arrowhead). h,i: 25H12.1 is expressed around the blastopore of gastrulating embryos but excludes the dorsal mesoderm highlighted by in situ hybridisation to chordin (in light blue). All neurula embryos are viewed from the dorsal side with anterior to the front. Image published in: Kenwrick S et al. (2004) Copyright © 2004. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, John Wiley & Sons. Gene Synonyms Species Stage(s) Tissue ogt X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 19 neural plate neural tube hmgb3 Xhmgb3 X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 19 anterior neural fold id3 heir-1, id3-a, id3-b, xid3, xidia, xIdx X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 19 nervous system neural plate neural fold id3 heir-1, id3-a, id3-b, xid3, xidia, xIdx X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 10.5 dorsal marginal zone pnhd pinhead X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 17 pre-chordal neural plate anterior neural ridge pnhd pinhead X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 10.25 vegetal part, early involuting lower blastopore lip pnhd pinhead X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 10.5 vegetal part, early involuting lower blastopore lip ctnnbl1 X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 19 neural plate anterior neural tube neural tube anterior neural fold magoh grandchildless, mago, mago nashi, xl-mago X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 18 neural plate neural fold chrd chd, chordin, chrd.1, LOC108716939, X-chordin X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 10.25 vegetal part, early involuting upper blastopore lip Image source: Published Experiment + Assay Source Phenotypes and Disease Xtr Wt + id3 MO + NF24 (morphology) fig.2.A.b Anatomical Phenotype decreased length of anterior-posterior axis decreased size of the head Xtr Wt + magoh MO + NF24 (in situ hybridization) fig.2.A.d Expression Phenotype decreased amount elavl3 expression in cranial nerve decreased amount elavl3 expression in whole organism Xtr Wt + magoh MO + NF24 (morphology) fig.2.A.f Anatomical Phenotype increased size of the hindbrain Xtr Wt + ogt MO + NF24 (morphology) fig.2.A.h,i Anatomical Phenotype abnormal anterior-posterior axis morphology abnormally posterioralized embryo Xtr Wt + hmgb3 MO + NF26 (morphology) fig.2.A.k,l Anatomical Phenotype abnormally incomplete closure of proctodeum decreased size of the head increased size of the proctodeum partially posteriorized embryo partially ventralized embryo Xtr Wt + ctnnbl1 MO + NF19-21 (morphology) fig.2.A.n,o Anatomical Phenotype abnormally necrotic neuroectoderm Xtr Wt + ctnnbl1 MO + NF25 (morphology) fig.2.A.q.s Anatomical Phenotype decreased size of the head decreased width of the head partially posteriorized embryo Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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