Xenbase Image ID: 134965

Fig. 4. The effects of Ext1 knockdown on paracrine signaling pathways. Embryos were injected with EXT1 or mispair MO and lysed at stage 10.5. (A,C,E) Immunoblots showed levels of diphospho- Erk MAPK (dpMAPK), phospho-Smad3, and phospho-Smad1 in EXT1 or mispair MO-injected embryos. (B,D,F) Relative levels of phosphorylated forms of MAPK, Smad3, and Smad1 in EXT1 or mispair MO-injected embryos. Phospho-Smad1 is reduced in EXT1 morphant embryos, whereas levels of dpMAPK and phopho-Smad3 are unchanged. (G) Q-RT-PCR assays of BMP4 and the BMP4 target genes msx1, vent1, and vent2 in control or ext1 morphant embryos. (H) Q-RT-PCR assays of wnt8 and the wnt8 target genes HoxA1, HoxB1, HoxD1, and myoD. The relative -fold change of each target gene in EXT1 MO-injected embryos was calculated as described in Fig. 3. (B,D,F-H) Bars represent mean ± S.D. N=3 independent experiments. *: p < 0.05. Image published in: Shieh YE et al. (2014) Copyright © 2014. Reproduced with permission of the Publisher, University of the Basque Country Press. Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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