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Figure 7. BMP4 induced MIXL1 an important survival axis and therapeutic target in AML(A) Canonical BMP signaling pathway. Upon BMP binding to type II receptor (BMPRII), type I receptor BMPRI is phosphorylated. Activated BMPRI phosphorylates SMAD1 or 5 which heterodimerizes with SMAD4 to up regulate MIXL1 expression. (B) BMPR1 mediated signal is hypothesized to induce endogenous MIXL1 expression in KG1, OCI-ML2, ML3 and K562 cell lines. These cells are sensitive to BMPR1 inhibitor LDN-193189. Enforced expression of MIXL1 in U937 cells 1MIXL1 is independent of BMP signaling and therefore insensitive to LDN-193189. In HL60 and U937 cells which are insensitive to LDN-193189, the pathway may be absent or modified. Image published in: Raymond A et al. (2014) Copyright: © 2014 Raymond et al. This image is reproduced with permission of the journal and the copyright holder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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