XB-IMG-148639
Xenbase Image ID: 148639
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Figure 3. Ttc29 is required for ciliogenesis of MCCs by regulating Intraflagellar Transport.
(A) Ttc29 is clustered with IFT components in HumanNet. (B) Ttc29-GFP is localized in the axoneme. (C) A MCC of a stage 27 control embryo injected with membrane-GFP. Acetylated α-tubulin labels cilia and GFP labels the cell boundary. (D) A MCC of a stage 27 Ttc29 morpholino-injected embryo. Note that only a few short axonemes are shown following Ttc29 knockdown. (E) Still-frame of a control multiciliated cell expressing GFP-IFT20. The axoneme shown in the time series (E′) is labeled in orange (Video 1). (E′) A time-series of a single control axoneme from (E) shows processive bi-directional traffic (the distal tip of the axoneme is to the right; pink arrowheads denote an anterograde train over time, blue arrowheads indicate a retrograde train). (F) A single still frame from a Ttc29 MO treated multi-ciliated cell expressing GFP-IFT20 (Video 2). (F′) A time-series of a single axoneme from (F). Note that processive bi-directional traffic is qualitatively normal. (G) Quantification of anterograde GFP-IFT20 rates shows a significantly slower average anterograde rate upon Ttc29 MO treatment (Control: n = 97 IFT trains, 40 axonemes, 21 Cells, 6 embryos. Ttc29 MO: n = 100 IFT trains, 53 axonemes, 20 cells, 6 embryos. p < 0.0001). (H) Quantification of retrograde GFP-IFT20 rates reveals no significant difference between control and Ttc29 MO conditions (Control: n = 87 IFT trains, 40 axonemes, 21 cells, 6 embryos. Ttc29 MO: n = 94 IFT trains, 53 axonemes, 20 cells, 6 embryos. p = 0.0510). Image published in: Chung MI et al. (2014) Copyright © 2013, Chung et al. This image is reproduced with permission of the journal and the copyright holder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license
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