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FIGURE 1. IGFBP-4 promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation in an IGF-independent manner.. a, Culture media conditioned by OP9 cells but not by COS7 cells induced cardiomyocyte differentiation of P19CL6 cells as assessed by MF20-positive area, cardiac marker-gene expression and cTnT protein expression. Scale bar, 100 mum. Error bars show s.d. b, Treatment with IGFBP-4 (1 mug ml-1) induced cardiomyocyte differentiation of P19CL6 cells in the absence of DMSO. Error bars show s.d. c, Treatment with a neutralizing antibody against IGFBP-4 (anti-BP4; 40 mug ml-1) attenuated cardiomyocyte differentiation of P19CL6 cells induced by OP9-conditioned media. Error bars show s.d. d, Treatment with neutralizing antibodies against IGF-I and IGF-II (anti-IGFs; 5 mug ml-1 each) had no effect on IGFBP-4-induced cardiomyocyte differentiation of P19CL6 cells. Error bars show s.d. e, Mutant IGFBP-4 (BP4(H74P)) that is incapable of binding to IGFs retained cardiomyogenic activity. Error bars show s.d. f, IGFs (100 ng ml-1 each) attenuated wild-type IGFBP-4-induced but not mutant IGFBP-4-H74P-induced cardiomyocyte differentiation of P19CL6 cells. Error bars show s.d. Image published in: Zhu W et al. (2008) Copyright © 2008. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Macmillan Publishers Ltd. Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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