Xenbase Image ID: 150012

FIGURE 4. IGFBP-4 is required for the maturation of the heart in Xenopus embryos. a, In situ hybridization analysis of Nkx2.5 (an early cardiac marker), cTnI (a mature cardiac marker), Hex (a liver marker), and XIGFBP-4 (XBP4) mRNA expression at stages 34, 38 and 42. b, Knockdown of XIGFBP-4 by two different morpholinos (MO1 and MO2) resulted in severe cardiac defects as assessed by cTnIin situ hybridization at stage 42 (left). These cardiac defects were rescued by simultaneous injection of MO-resistant wild-type XIGFBP-4, mutant XIGFBP-4-H74P (BP4(H74P) and LRP6N (n = 30 for each group). c, Temporal profile of cardiac defects induced by XIGFBP-4 knockdown. Morphology of the heart as assessed by cTnI in situ hybridization was almost normal at stage 34 but was severely perturbed at stages 38 and 42. The right column shows sections of control and MO-injected embryos. The arrow indicates the heart in control embryos. No heart-like structure was observed in MO-injected embryos. Image published in: Zhu W et al. (2008) Copyright © 2008. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Macmillan Publishers Ltd. Gene Synonyms Species Stage(s) Tissue nkx2-5.L AR2, csx, Nkx-2.5, nkx-2.5, nkx2-5-a, nkx2-5-b, nkx2.5, tinman, XNkx-2.5, XNkx2-5 X. laevis Throughout NF stage 33 and 34 heart nkx2-5.L AR2, csx, Nkx-2.5, nkx-2.5, nkx2-5-a, nkx2-5-b, nkx2.5, tinman, XNkx-2.5, XNkx2-5 X. laevis Throughout NF stage 37 and 38 heart foregut pharyngeal region nkx2-5.L AR2, csx, Nkx-2.5, nkx-2.5, nkx2-5-a, nkx2-5-b, nkx2.5, tinman, XNkx-2.5, XNkx2-5 X. laevis Throughout NF stage 42 heart foregut tnni3.L c-troponin, cardiac tropin T, cardiac troponin I, cTnI, ctnIc, cTNT, TIc, TnIc, tnnic, troponin-ic, XcTnI, XTnIc X. laevis Throughout NF stage 33 and 34 to NF stage 42 heart hhex.L hex, tHex, XHex X. laevis Throughout NF stage 33 and 34 foregut hepato-pancreatic progenitor cell hhex.L hex, tHex, XHex X. laevis Throughout NF stage 37 and 38 liver hhex.L hex, tHex, XHex X. laevis Throughout NF stage 42 liver head igfbp4.L XBP4, XIGFBP-4 X. laevis Throughout NF stage 33 and 34 hindbrain spinal cord pronephric kidney igfbp4.L XBP4, XIGFBP-4 X. laevis Throughout NF stage 37 and 38 heart spinal cord head foregut liver igfbp4.L XBP4, XIGFBP-4 X. laevis Throughout NF stage 42 head liver Image source: Published Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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