Xenbase Image ID: 154925

Figure 4. Flow-Mediated Repression of dand5 Determines Laterality in Conjoined Twins (A–E) Injection scheme (A) and anticipated nodal1 expression patterns (B–E) in (1) CoMO- (B and C) or dand5MO- (D and E) injected primary embryos; with (2) twinning induced on the left (iL; D and E) or right side (iR; B and C); and with (3) intact or ablated leftward flow following buffer (green; B and D) or methylcellulose (MC, red; C and E) injection into the gastrocoel before the onset of flow (stage 14). (B–E) Representative specimens. (F) Summary of nodal1 expression patterns (n, number of analyzed specimens). Closed and open arrowheads mark presence and absence of nodal1 gene expression, respectively. (G) Model of flow-mediated symmetry breakage in conjoined twins. For details, see the main text. ∗, induced twin; l, left; r, right. See also Figure S3. Image published in: Tisler M et al. (2017) Copyright © 2017. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V. Experiment + Assay Source Phenotypes and Disease Xla Wt + ctnnb1 + NF22 (in situ hybridization) Fig 4 Anatomical Phenotype abnormal determination of left/right symmetry abnormal nodal signaling pathway Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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