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Supplementary Figure 3: Estimates of contact tension on cell doublets. continued. (g) Quantification of heterogeneity in Ct between cells of homotypic doublet pairs. The model presented in panel b was used to calculate the ratio between the CtA and CtB for both ectoderm (E-E) and IM homotypic doublets. The number of doublets was 265 for E-E and 336 for IM-IM. The histogram presents the distribution of these ratios. In both cases many doublets showed a ratio larger than 1.5, and in 5-10% of the doublets, one of the cell was more than four times tenser than the other. (h) Effect of various manipulations on contact tension between cell doublets. Estimates considered the asymmetry of cell doublets. The conditions included depletion of C-cadherin (CcadMO), of myosin (MHCMO), and ephrinB1+3 (eBMO) in the ectoderm, caRho expression and ephrinB1+B3 (eB1+3) expression together with EphA4 depletion (A4MO) in the mesoderm. Note that the increased tension observed for ectoderm doublets upon ephrin depletion is consistent with previous observations of a pro-adhesive activity of ephrins in this tissue2. Color code for statistical differences as in main Fig.3c. (i) Estimates of contact tension in sections of whole embryos: Distributions of different types of angles, see main Fig.3d-g. Top histograms show the distributions of angles between heterotypic contacts. These distributions appear bimodal, with the main peak close to 180o (arrow), indicating high tension/low adhesion, and a second smaller peak closer to 120o (arrowhead), indicative of low tension similar to the tension within the tissues. The middle and bottom panels present respectively the distributions of angles formed by heterotypic and homotypic contacts at vertices bordering the boundary interface, and those formed by homotypic contacts within the two tissues. For comparison, we superimposed histograms that combine of all angles formed at boundary vertices (EM+EEi and ME+MMi). They emphasize the striking asymmetry at these vertices. Image published in: Canty L et al. (2017) © The Author(s) 2017. This image is reproduced with permission of the journal and the copyright holder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license Larger Image Printer Friendly View |