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XB-IMG-158796

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Figure 7. Whole-mount ISH for well-known markers of craniofacial development in embryos injected with mRNA encoding D71V. Shown is a subset of the WISHs performed (see also Supplementary Fig. S3). This set represents at least two markers each of the relevant tissues, i.e. neural crest and the three placodes studied. A, chart showing locations of marker expression. B, normal (1st column), over-expressed (2nd column) and under-expressed (3rd column) examples from each of five representative markers. Red arrows point to positions of abnormal signal patterns; the green arrow in v points to normal expression on the side opposite the disrupted pattern. The patterns we saw, even in injected embryos that did not have significantly more misexpression than background, are consistent with incorrect or incomplete differentiation (ii, iii, v, vi, viii, ix) and anomalies in neural crest migration (xi, xii, xiv, xv). To date, we have not detected any correlation between the types or magnitudes of disruptions caused and the identity of the ion flux-perturbing construct injected.

Image published in: Adams DS et al. (2016)

Copyright © 2016. This image is reproduced with permission of the publisher and the copyright holder. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

GeneSynonymsSpeciesStage(s)Tissue
six1.LXSix1X. laevisSometime during NF stage 19 to NF stage 21neural fold
neural plate
lens placode
olfactory placode
otic placode
pax6.Lan2, mgda, pax-6, pax6-a, pax6-b, wagr, XLPAX6, xpax6X. laevisSometime during NF stage 19 to NF stage 21anterior placodal area
lens placode
olfactory placode
neuroectoderm
neural plate
neural crest
foxe3.Lfoxe1, FoxE4, lens1, Xlens1X. laevisThroughout NF stage 28ectoderm
lens placode
sox10.LX. laevisThroughout NF stage 28cranial neural crest
head
brain
otic vesicle
snai1.LLOC108702592, sna, snail, snail1, xSna, XsnailX. laevisSometime during NF stage 17 to NF stage 18neural crest

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