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Fig 4. Flumazenil-insensitive kavain potentiation has less-than-additive effect on diazepam action.Top, Representative traces demonstrating responses to control (10 μM GABA); control and 1 μM diazepam; control, 1 μM diazepam and 10 μM flumazenil; control and 10 μM flumazenil; control and 300 μM kavain; control, 300 μM kavain and 10 μM flumazenil; and control, 300 μM kavain and 1 μM diazepam. Bottom, The modulatory effect of diazepam, flumazenil and kavain at α1β2γ2L GABAARs (n = 5). Kavain potentiation was unchanged in the presence of flumazenil (G + K vs. G + K + F; p > 0.05; paired t test). The combination of kavain and diazepam (G + K + D) resulted in greater potentiation than diazepam (G + D; p < 0.001; paired t test) and kavain (G + K; p < 0.0001; paired t test) alone, but the effect was less than the expected additive modulatory effect (dotted line). Data are normalised to the current responses elicited by 10 μM GABA, and are presented as mean ± SEM. Image published in: Chua HC et al. (2016) © 2016 Chua et al. This image is reproduced with permission of the journal and the copyright holder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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