XB-IMG-169928
Xenbase Image ID: 169928
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Figure 3. Deletion of Ahr leads to an aberrant cilia pattern in both mouse and Xenopus laevis embryos.(a) SEM images of tracheae from Ahr+/+ and Ahr−/− E18.5 embryos. Scale bars, 5 μm. (b) Relative fraction of multiciliated cells in E18.5 embryonic tracheae as in a, classified by their ciliar pattern (normal, sparse and patchy). No significant differences were observed in the number of multiciliated cells per field between the two genotypes. Mean±s.e.m.; two-way analysis of variance (variables: genotype and cilia pattern) with Sidak's multiple comparison test. Data from two independent litters (n=5–9). (c) Multiciliated cells containing Ahr1α/β morpholinos (Ahr1α/β MO—arrowheads) in Ahr1α/β MO-injected embryos develop very few cilia, and basal bodies fail to migrate and dock at the apical surface, compared either with cells that are uninjected (arrows) or with cells in embryos injected with control MO. Scale bars, 15 μm. Bottom panels show the accumulation of acetylated α-tubulin above the apical surface of the cell in control morphants, while in Ahr1α/β morphants, microtubules amass below the apical surface. Scale bars, 5 μm. (d) Quantification of integrated fluorescence intensity of acetylated α-tubulin above the apical surface of multiciliated cells, from the embryonic skin of X. laevis injected with Ahr1α/β or control MO. Mean; Student's t-test (unpaired, two-tailed). Data representative of three independent experiments. (e) Fraction of multiciliated cells, from the embryonic skin of X. laevis injected with Ahr1α/β or control MO. Mean±maximum and minimum; Student's t-test (unpaired, two-tailed). Data representative of three independent experiments. Ctrl, control; MCCs, multiciliated cells. Image published in: Villa M et al. (2016) Copyright © 2016, The Author(s). This image is reproduced with permission of the journal and the copyright holder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license Larger Image Printer Friendly View |