Xenbase Image ID: 173156

Fig. 4. Connection between polycystin 1 and G-protein signaling in Xenopus. (A) Signaling model depicting Pkd1 acting as a GPCR. The four G-protein α subunits that bind Pkd1, the shared G-protein β/γ complex and key downstream signaling components for each are depicted. Compounds used to activate or inhibit the different signaling pathways are highlighted in red. (B) Competition model describing how the presence of Pkd1 (upper panel) or its absence (lower panel) would affect signaling via other GPCRs. (C-E) Bar graphs showing that activating Gnas-dependent (C), Gnai1/2-dependent (D) and Gna14-dependent (E) signaling in Pkd1 morphants does not rescue the distal tubular expression of Nbc1; Pkd1-sMO-injected embryos were treated with 20 µM forskolin, 150 ng/ml of the PKA-specific cAMP analogue 6-Bnz-cAMP-AM (cAMP-PKA), 100 ng/ml of the Rapgef3/4-specific cAMP analogue 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP-AM (cAMP-Epac), 20 µM H89, 200 ng/ml brefeldin A (BFA) and 100 µM m-3M3FBS. To test the contribution of Rapgef4, the two MOs were co-injected. (F-I) Uninjected controls and embryos injected with Pkd1-sMO in the presence or absence of 20 µM gallein were analyzed by Nbc1 whole-mount in situ hybridization at stage 39. The restoration of Nbc1 staining in the late distal tubule upon treatment with gallein is indicated by red arrowheads. (J) Bar graph summarizing the effect of gallein (20 µM), U73122 (1 µg/ml) treatment or co-injection of Gnb1-MO on Nbc1 expression in wild-type controls or Pkd1 morphants. Each of the bar graphs summarizes the quantification of at least three independent experiments, with white bars indicating normal expression, gray bars reduced expression and black bars absent expression of Nbc1 in the late distal tubule. The number of embryos examined is indicated above each bar. The data are presented as cumulative numbers of at least three biological replicas. Image published in: Zhang B et al. (2018) Copyright © 2018. Image reproduced with permission of the publisher and the copyright holder. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. Gene Synonyms Species Stage(s) Tissue slc4a4.L hhNMC, hnbc1, nbc1, nbc2, nbce1, pNBC, slc4a5, XNBC1 X. laevis Throughout NF stage 39 late proximal tubule late distal tubule pronephric tubule Image source: Published Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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