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Fig. 1. Dpp4 enhances activin/nodal signaling but not BMP4 signaling. (A–D) Four-cell stage embryos were injected in the animal pole region as indicated with increasing doses of Dpp4 (10, 1000 pg) alone or with Xnr1 (50 pg) or BMP4 (100 pg) mRNAs, and then animal cap explants were excised at stage 8.5 from injected or uninjected embryos, cultured to stage 10.5 for RT-PCR analysis (C and D) or 11 for Western blotting (A and B) in the presence or absence of activin protein (5 ng/ml) as shown. Smad1, Smad2 and ODC serve as loading controls. Co AC, uninjected control animal caps. (−), no injection of Dpp4. WE, stage 10.5 whole embryo. —RT, control in the absence of reverse transcriptase. (E) One blastomere of four-cell stage embryos was injected in the ventral marginal region with Dpp4 (50 pg) and/or Xnr1 (5 pg) mRNAs as indicated, and injected embryos were cultured until uninjected sibling embryos reached tadpole stages. Arrows denote the induced secondary dorsal axis. Embryos are shown in lateral views with anterior to the left. Image published in: Park DS et al. (2018) Copyright © 2018 by the The Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. This image is reproduced with permission of the journal and the copyright holder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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