Xenbase Image ID: 23487

Figure 2. Antisense Morpholino Nucleotide-Mediated Depletion of Msx1 Activity Blocks Neural Crest Induction(A) Msx1-MO inhibited Slug (a) and FoxD3 (b) (stage 16 neurulae, dorsal view). Sibling embryos traced with fluorescence (c and d) showed decreased Slug (e) and enlarged Pax3 (red arrow, f), corresponding to increased Sox2 expression laterally (g) at the expense of the NC and ectoderm domain (h). Small arrow indicates the midline.(B) Phenotype of the Msx1 knockdown in tailbud and tadpoles. ISH for Twist (stage 22, a, dorsal view) and stage 35 (compare b and c to d). Tadpoles exhibit craniofacial defects and decreased melanocyte development (e and f). b–f, lateral views.(C) Dose response and rescue of Msx1 MO injections. At 20 ng dose, Slug expression is reduced in more than 80% of the embryos (red line). This effect is rescued (16%) by the coinjection of Msx1 MO with an Msx1 construct lacking the MO binding sequence (δXT-Msx1, blue line). The control MO (co-MO) does not affect Slug pattern (black line). ISH for rescue of Slug (a) and FoxD3 (b). Sequential injections of Msx1 MO and δXT-Msx1 also restore Twist expression in the cephalic and trunk NC (c, non injected side; d, injected side). Image published in: Monsoro-Burq AH et al. (2005) Copyright © 2005. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V. Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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