Xenbase Image ID: 42249

Fig. 6. Targeting XtSulf1/2 knockdown to neural tissue disrupts cranial neural crest migration and does not affect mesoderm differentiation. X. tropicalis embryos were injected into the two dorsal blastomeres in the animal hemisphere at the 8-cell stage with 30 ng of control morpholino (CMO) or with 10 ng of S1 AMO together with 20 ng of S2 AMO (S1/S2 AMO). At stage 16, CMO injected (A, B) and S1/S2 AMO injected (C, D) embryos show normal expression of slug (CMO = 78% normal, n = 23; S1/S2 AMO = 59% normal, n = 17) and MyoD (CMO = 90% normal, n = 20, S1/S2 AMO = 65% normal; n = 23). At stage 22, twist expression is disrupted in knockdown embryos (F, 66% disrupted twist expression, n = 15) and does not extend as far ventrally as seen in those injected with control morpholino (E). The expression of myoD and α-cardiac actin in CMO injected embryos at stage 22 are shown in G and I. There is normal expression of myoD (66%, n = 18) and α-cardiac actin (64%, n = 14) in S1/S2 knockdown embryos (H and J). (K) The expression of twist in embryos injected with control morpholino at stage 30. (L) Twist expression is disrupted in knockdown embryos (69%, n = 16). The expression of myoD and α-cardiac actin in CMO injected embryos at stage 30 are shown in M and O. There is normal somite expression of myoD (83%, n = 12) and α-cardiac actin (80%, n = 10) in stage 30 S1/S2 knockdown embryos (N and P). Image published in: Guiral EC et al. (2010) Copyright © 2010. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V. Gene Synonyms Species Stage(s) Tissue snai2 slug, snai2-a, snai2-b, Snail2, xSlu, xslug, XSnail2 X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 16 cranial neural crest pre-chordal neural plate border neural crest myod1 mf25, MyoD, myod1-a, myod1-b, myogenic factor 3, XMyoD, XtmyoD X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 16 paraxial mesoderm myod1 mf25, MyoD, myod1-a, myod1-b, myogenic factor 3, XMyoD, XtmyoD X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 22 paraxial mesoderm actc1 actc, actna1, cardiac actin, cardiac alpha actin, muscle actin X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 22 paraxial mesoderm somite twist1 twist, twist1-a, twist1-b, X-twi, Xtwi, Xtwist X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 22 neural crest cranial neural crest mandibular crest hyoid crest branchial crest actc1 actc, actna1, cardiac actin, cardiac alpha actin, muscle actin X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 29 and 30 heart paraxial mesoderm somite cardiac mesoderm myod1 mf25, MyoD, myod1-a, myod1-b, myogenic factor 3, XMyoD, XtmyoD X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 29 and 30 paraxial mesoderm somite jaw muscle twist1 twist, twist1-a, twist1-b, X-twi, Xtwi, Xtwist X. tropicalis Throughout NF stage 29 and 30 Image source: Published Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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