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Fig. 4. Localization of 14-3-3 proteins during early development. Embryos were fixed, sectioned and processed for immunohistochemistry with 14-3-3 protein antibodies. (A-D) 14-3-3Z protein. (A) Unfertilized embryos sectioned parallel to the animal-vegetal (AV) axis display signal in the vegetal-most two-thirds of the embryo. (B) By the two-cell stage, the staining is much reduced in intensity. (C) By the four-cell stage, staining is almost completely absent. (D) At stage 10, weak staining is seen throughout the endodermal yolk mass of the gastrulating embryo. (E-J) 14-3-3E protein. (E) By contrast to 14-3-3Z, the 14-3-3E signal is seen in a coherent spot in the center of the unfertilized embryo. (F) By the two-cell stage, signal can be detected in only one of the two blastomeres. (G) At the four-cell stage, signal is seen in the right blastomeres. (H) During gastrulation, a strong signal is detected in the endodermal yolk mass. To check the mRNA construct as well as the antibody, embryos injected immediately after fertilization with 14-3-3E mRNA were processed for immunohistochemistry. A strong 14-3-3E signal can be detected throughout the embryo at the two- and four-cell stages (I,J). Red arrowheads indicate protein localization; yellow arrowheads indicate lack of signal. Image published in: Bunney TD et al. (2003) Copyright © 2003. Image reproduced with permission of the publisher and the copyright holder. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. Gene Synonyms Species Stage(s) Tissue ywhaz.L 14-3-3 zeta, 14-3-3z, 14-3-3zeta, ywhaz-a, ywhaz-b X. laevis Throughout oocyte stage VI vegetal cortex ywhaz.L 14-3-3 zeta, 14-3-3z, 14-3-3zeta, ywhaz-a, ywhaz-b X. laevis Throughout NF stage 2 (2-cell) blastomere ywhaz.L 14-3-3 zeta, 14-3-3z, 14-3-3zeta, ywhaz-a, ywhaz-b X. laevis Throughout NF stage 9 vegetal yolk mass central vegetal yolk mass vegetal endoderm ywhae.L 14-3-3 epsilon, 14-3-3e, 14-3-3epsilon X. laevis Throughout oocyte stage VI cytoplasm ywhae.L 14-3-3 epsilon, 14-3-3e, 14-3-3epsilon X. laevis Throughout NF stage 2 (2-cell) blastomere right blastomere ywhae.L 14-3-3 epsilon, 14-3-3e, 14-3-3epsilon X. laevis Throughout NF stage 3 (4-cell) right-dorsal blastomere right-ventral blastomere blastomere ywhae.L 14-3-3 epsilon, 14-3-3e, 14-3-3epsilon X. laevis Throughout NF stage 9 vegetal yolk mass central vegetal yolk mass vegetal endoderm Image source: Published Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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