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XB-IMG-49517

Xenbase Image ID: 49517


Figure 6. Quadruple Knockdown of BMP2/4/7 and ADMP Results in Ubiquitous CNS Formation In Vivo (A) CNS marked by Sox2 in control embryos; inset shows frontal view (DAI = 5.2). (B) Knockdown of ADMP moderately increases Sox2 expression in anterior CNS (inset) (DAI = 6.2). (C) Triple knockdown of BMP2/4/7 results in embryos with a neural plate approximately 5 times the width of that of control siblings (transversal section shown in inset). (D) Quadruple inactivation of BMP2/4/7 and ADMP (9 ng total each) results in radially dorsalized embryos and ubiquitous neural differentiation in the ectoderm (DAI = 9.7; n = 59). (E) Cytokeratin expression marks epidermal cells on the surface of control embryos. (F) Expression of epidermal Cytokeratin is abolished in Bmp2/4/7/Admp morphants at stage 16. (G and H) BMP2/4/7/ADMP-deficient embryos express radial Otx2, Rx2a, and Krox20. (I) Quadruple Chordin/Noggin/Follistatin/Cerberus MO-injected embryos are strongly ventralized (DAI = 2.3) but retain posterior CNS (compare to [K]). (J) ADMP is held inactive by forming a stable inhibitory ternary complex with Chordin and Tsg. DN-Xlr inhibits Xolloid-related (Xlr), preventing the proteolytic cleavage of Chordin at two specific sites. (K) Sox2 in wild-type embryos. (L) Injection of DN-Xlr mRNA (400 pg) broadens Sox2 expression. (M) Simultaneous knockdown of BMP2/4/7/ADMP and of Chordin/Noggin/Follistatin/Cerberus display ubiquitous neural induction, indicating that BMP ligands are epistatic to their secreted antagonists. (N) Blastocoele injection (40 nl) of Noggin-Fc (0.5 mM) or Chordin (1 mM) protein causes complete neuralization of ectoderm. (O) BMP2/4/7-depleted embryos retain nonneural ectoderm. (P) Ubiquitous neural differentiation in BMP2/4/7-depleted embryos injected with DN-Xlr mRNA; this experiment suggests that Chordin cleavage by Xlr is required for ADMP-mediated epidermal differentiation.

Image published in: Reversade B and De Robertis EM (2005)

Copyright © 2005. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V.

GeneSynonymsSpeciesStage(s)Tissue
sox2.Lanop3, LOC108718087, mcops3, Sox-2, XLSOX-2, Xsox-2, XSox2X. laevisThroughout NF stage 20optic field
eye primordium
neural fold
anterior neural fold
neuroectoderm
krt12.4.Lck81, cytok, cytokeratin, E-keratin, epi-keratin, epidermal keratin, Epidermis-specific keratin, EpiK, epiker, EpK, epK, K81, xK81, xk81a, xk81a1X. laevisThroughout NF stage 20ectoderm
non-neural ectoderm

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