Xenbase Image ID: 77621

Fig. 1. Knockdown of Zic3 disrupts axial development in Xenopus. (A) Schematic of zic3 exon–intron structure showing translational-blocking (TB) and splice site blocking (SS) morpholino target sites. (B) RT-PCR analysis of zic3 in control (CTRL) and SS MO injected embryos. Asterisk denotes product that lacks exon 2. The top band is the full-length zic3 product. ODC was used as a loading control. (C) In vitro transcription–translation using Xenopus zic3 (Xzic3) or human HA-ZIC3 expression plasmids in the presence or absence of Zic3 TB MO. (D) Scaling system used to score Xenopus Zic3 morphant phenotypes that ranged from normal (1) to severe dorsal flexion with neural tube defect (5). (E) Average scores of control (CTRL), control morpholino (CTRL MO), Zic3 translational-blocking MO (TB MO), and Zic3 splice site morpholino (SS MO) injected embryos. Number of embryos (n) scored is shown above each injection group. Image published in: Cast AE et al. (2012) Copyright © 2012. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V. Experiment + Assay Source Phenotypes and Disease Xla Wt + zic3 MO + NF31 (morphology) fig.1.d, e Anatomical Phenotype abnormal anterior-posterior axis, curved dorsal abnormal bending of anterior-posterior axis abnormal gastrulation abnormal incomplete closing of the blastopore abnormal incomplete closing of the neural tube abnormal neural tube closure decreased length of anterior-posterior axis decreased size of the head decreased size of the tail Xla Wt + zic3 MO + NF31 (morphology) fig.1.d, e Anatomical Phenotype abnormal anterior-posterior axis, curved dorsal abnormal bending of anterior-posterior axis abnormal gastrulation abnormal incomplete closing of the blastopore abnormal incomplete closing of the neural tube abnormal neural tube closure decreased length of anterior-posterior axis decreased size of the head decreased size of the tail Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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