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Figure 3. Szl Depletion Results in Foregut Progenitor Apoptosis(A) Szl depletion causes increased foregut cell apoptosis. Mean number of activated caspase-3 cells SEM in the foreguts of stage 20 embryos injected with cont-MO (20 ng), szl-MO (15 ng), and/or szl-DNA (500 pg) from three independent injection experiments. In Student's t tests p < 0.05 ∗compared to cont-MO and ∗∗compared to szl-MO.(B) Apoptosis was specific to the foregut. The szl-MO (20 ng) was injected in all cells of 4-cell stage embryos and the mean number of activated caspase-3 positive cells SEM in the foregut, hindgut and ectoderm was scored from five stage 20 embryos. ∗p < 0.05 comparing cont-MO to szl-MO; ns, not significant.(C and D) Cell death cannot account for loss of foregut identity. szl-MO-injected embryos treated at stage 12 with one of three different caspase inhibitors (n > 10 per inhibitor). In each case, szl-MO embryos still exhibit reduced hhex and for1 (C) even when cell death was rescued (D). A representative experiment is shown.Error bars reflect SEM. Image published in: Kenny AP et al. (2012) Copyright © 2012. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V. Experiment + Assay Source Phenotypes and Disease Xla Wt + szl MO + NF20 (immunohistochemistry) fig.3.a, b, d Anatomical Phenotype abnormal cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Xla Wt + Caspase Inhibitor I + NF20 (in situ hybridization) fig.3.c Expression Phenotype decreased amount hhex.L expression in foregut endoderm Xla Wt + szl MO + NF20 (in situ hybridization) fig.3.c Expression Phenotype decreased amount hhex.L expression in foregut endoderm Xla Wt + szl MO + NF37/38 (in situ hybridization) fig.3.c Expression Phenotype decreased amount nr1h5.L expression in liver Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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