Xenbase Image ID: 82284

Fig. 4. Smurf1 and Smurf2 play different roles in mesodermal development. A: Increased Smurf1 expression in dorsal mesoderm results in dorsal-anteriorization of the embryos (46/72 embryos), which often also show anterior neural tube closure defects (in 18 embryos; arrow points to the open brain). In contrast, increased Smurf2 expression in the dorsal mesoderm leads to disruption of axial structures, with embryos frequently displaying gastrulation defects (73/85 embryos with gastrulation defects; among these, 32 embryos had split dorsal structures characterized as the open back phenotype). B: Ectopic expression of Smurf1 in the VMZ induces a partial secondary dorsal axis with the trunk tissues (40/59 embryos; yellow arrowheads); whereas ectopic expression of Smurf2 in the VMZ results in induction of a partial secondary axis that often contains cement gland and hatching gland (36/44 embryos with an ectopic axis, and 25 of these contained cement gland; red arrowheads). Image published in: Das S and Chang C (2012) Copyright © 2012. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, John Wiley & Sons. Experiment + Assay Source Phenotypes and Disease Xla Wt + smurf1 + NF33/34 (morphology) fig.4.a Anatomical Phenotype abnormal eye morphology abnormal incomplete closing of the neural tube decreased length of anterior-posterior axis increased size of the cement gland Xla Wt + smurf2 + NF33/34 (morphology) fig.4.a Anatomical Phenotype abnormal eye morphology abnormal gastrulation decreased length of anterior-posterior axis increased size of the cement gland Xla Wt + smurf1 + NF33/34 (morphology) fig.4.b Anatomical Phenotype duplicated dorsal trunk Xla Wt + smurf2 + NF33/34 (morphology) fig.4.b Anatomical Phenotype duplicated cement gland obsolete duplicated anterior-posterior axis wholly anteriorized embryo Larger Image Printer Friendly View

Return to previous page