Xenbase Image ID: 82414

Fig. 5. Essential role of Xenopus kctd15 in ventral development. (A) Control MO (80 ng) or kctd15 MO (80 ng) was injected into the animal pole of each ventral blastomere at the four-cell stage. For rescue experiments, myc-kctd15 mRNA (700 pg) was coinjected with kctd15 MO (80 ng). At the late tailbud stage, injected embryos were photographed with anterior to the left and dorsal to the top. (B) Obtained phenotypes were classified into three groups (severe, mild or normal) according to the extent of defects in ventral and caudal morphologies. **, P < 0.01. Fisher exact test was used to compare the frequency of normal development between embryos injected with kctd15 MO alone and those injected with kctd15 MO plus myc-kctd15 mRNA. P = 2.7 x 10-5. (C-E) Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis of marker gene expression. Embryos ventrally injected with control MO (80 ng) or kctd15 MO (80 ng) were cultured until stage 15 (C), 19 (D) or 24 (E). The relative expression levels of the indicated genes were normalized to that of odc. Shown is the average of two independent experiments. The error bar represents SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, unpaired t test. P values versus control were as follows: 0.085 for foxd3 expression, 0.30 for sox10 expression, 0.00065 for pax3 expression, 0.0089 for xbra expression, and 0.48 for cdx2 expression, and 0.011 for cdx4 expression. Image published in: Takahashi C et al. (2012) Copyright © 2012. Reproduced with permission of the Publisher, University of the Basque Country Press. Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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