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To investigate the potential function of ATP4 in formation of the ciliated Xenopus embryonic epidermis, we analyzed the expression of ATP4a protein in the epidermal ectoderm ( Fig. S1). ATP4a was found throughout the animal hemisphere during gastrulation (Fig. S1A and A‵) and neurulation (Fig. S1B and C), within the outer and deep layer of the skin ectoderm (Fig. S1B). The deep layer forms multiciliated cells (MCCs), ion secreting cells (ISCs) and small secretory cells (SSCs) which later intercalate into the outer epithelium ( Deblandre et al., 1999; Dubaissi et al., 2014 ; Stubbs et al., 2006). Furthermore, ATP4a protein was enriched in the epidermal ectoderm during neurulation (Fig. S1C), and continued expression in the epidermis throughout tailbud (Fig. S1D) and early tadpole stages (Fig. S1F and G). |
