Dev Biol 1993 Nov 01;1601:15-27. doi: 10.1006/dbio.1993.1282.

The egg nucleus regulates the behavior of sperm nuclei as well as cycling of MPF in physiologically polyspermic newt eggs.

???displayArticle.abstract???
The possible role of the egg nucleus in regulating the behavior of sperm nuclei and the cycling of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) was investigated in the physiologically polyspermic eggs of the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster. Many sperm entered all areas of the egg, but only one sperm pronucleus, the principal sperm pronucleus, moved to the center of the animal hemisphere to form a zygote nucleus with the egg pronucleus. All sperm and egg pronuclei synthesized DNA, but the zygote nucleus completed the synthesis of DNA 0.5-1 hr earlier than the accessory sperm nuclei. Entrance into M phase by the accessory sperm nuclei was delayed to a greater and greater extent with increasing distance of these nuclei from the zygote nucleus. When DNA in the egg nucleus was damaged by uv irradiation, not only were both prophase and M phase in the zygote nucleus prolonged, but also the MPF cycle was delayed. Some accessory sperm nuclei in the animal hemisphere escaped degeneration to form additional bipolar spindles, so that delayed multipolar cleavage occurred. The MPF activity in the vegetal hemisphere was less than 25% of that found in the animal hemisphere at M phase in normally fertilized eggs. The levels of immunologically detectable proteins that contained the sequence PSTAIR in vegetal hemispheres were less than 25% of those in animal hemispheres. These results indicate that the egg nucleus of the Cynops egg is involved in the control of the activation of MPF and that the accessory sperm nuclei in the vegetal hemisphere degenerate as a result of the lack of components that are indispensable for entry into M phase.

???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 8224532
???displayArticle.link??? Dev Biol


Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: cdk1