Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Two cDNAs derived from Xenopus laevis calmodulin mRNA have been cloned. Both cDNAs contain the complete protein-coding region and various lengths of untranslated segments. The two cDNAs encode an identical protein but differ from each other by 5% nucleotide substitutions. The 5' and 3' untranslated regions, to the extent available, are highly homologous between the two cDNAs. The predicted sequence of X. laevis calmodulin is identical to that of vertebrate calmodulins from mammals and chickens and shows one substitution compared with electric eel calmodulin. Genomic DNA sequences homologous to each of the two cDNA clones have been isolated and were shown to account for the major calmodulin-coding DNA sequences in X. laevis. These data suggest that X. laevis carries two active, nonallelic calmodulin genes. Although no complete analysis has been carried out, it appears that the X. laevis calmodulin genes are interrupted by at least four introns. The relative concentrations of calmodulin mRNA have been estimated in different embryonic stages and adult tissues and found to vary by up to a factor of 10. The highest levels of calmodulin mRNA were found in ovaries, testes, and brains. In these three tissues, the two calmodulin genes appear to be expressed at approximately equal levels.
Anderson,
Sequence organization of the poly(A) RNA synthesized and accumulated in lampbrush chromosome stage Xenopus laevis oocytes.
1982, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Anderson,
Sequence organization of the poly(A) RNA synthesized and accumulated in lampbrush chromosome stage Xenopus laevis oocytes.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Aviv,
Purification of biologically active globin messenger RNA by chromatography on oligothymidylic acid-cellulose.
1972,
Pubmed
Benton,
Screening lambdagt recombinant clones by hybridization to single plaques in situ.
1977,
Pubmed
Bisbee,
Albumin phylogeny for clawed frogs (Xenopus).
1977,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Cartaud,
Xenopus laevis oocyte calmodulin in the process of meiotic maturation.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Crabtree,
Molecular cloning of cDNA for the alpha, beta, and gamma chains of rat fibrinogen. A family of coordinately regulated genes.
1981,
Pubmed
Enea,
Guanidinium-CsCl density gradients for isopycnic analysis of nucleic acids.
1975,
Pubmed
Hosbach,
The Xenopus laevis globin gene family: chromosomal arrangement and gene structure.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kafatos,
Determination of nucleic acid sequence homologies and relative concentrations by a dot hybridization procedure.
1979,
Pubmed
Klee,
Calmodulin.
1982,
Pubmed
Lagacé,
Identification of multiple species of calmodulin messenger RNA using a full length complementary DNA.
1983,
Pubmed
Maniatis,
The isolation of structural genes from libraries of eucaryotic DNA.
1978,
Pubmed
Maxam,
Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages.
1980,
Pubmed
May,
Isolation and characterisation of the Xenopus laevis albumin genes: loss of 74K albumin gene sequences by library amplification.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Munjaal,
A cloned calmodulin structural gene probe is complementary to DNA sequences from diverse species.
1981,
Pubmed
Putkey,
Chicken calmodulin genes. A species comparison of cDNA sequences and isolation of a genomic clone.
1983,
Pubmed
Rigby,
Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I.
1977,
Pubmed
Sargent,
Differential gene expression in the gastrula of Xenopus laevis.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sasagawa,
Complete amino acid sequence of human brain calmodulin.
1982,
Pubmed
Southern,
Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis.
1975,
Pubmed
Stein,
Tissue-specific expression of a chicken calmodulin pseudogene lacking intervening sequences.
1983,
Pubmed
Thomas,
Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose.
1980,
Pubmed
Van Eldik,
Calcium-binding proteins and the molecular basis of calcium action.
1982,
Pubmed
Wahli,
Vitellogenin in Xenopus laevis is encoded in a small family of genes.
1979,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wahli,
Isolation of two closely related vitellogenin genes, including their flanking regions, from a Xenopus laevis gene library.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wahli,
Vitellogenesis and the vitellogenin gene family.
1981,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Watterson,
The complete amino acid sequence of the Ca2+-dependent modulator protein (calmodulin) of bovine brain.
1980,
Pubmed
