Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Polyamines are endogenous molecules involved in cell damage following neurological insults, although it is unclear whether polyamines reduce or exacerbate this damage. We used a developmental seizure model in which we exposed Xenopus laevis tadpoles to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), a known convulsant. We found that, after an initial PTZ exposure, seizure onset times were delayed in response to a second PTZ exposure 4 h later. This protective effect was a result of activity-dependent increases in synthesis of putrescine, the simplest polyamine. Unlike more complex polyamines that directly modulate ion channels, putrescine exerted its effect by altering the balance of excitation to inhibition. Tectal neuron recordings, 4 h after the initial seizure, revealed an elevated frequency of GABAergic spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Our data suggest that this effect is mediated by an atypical pathway that converts putrescine into GABA, which then activates presynaptic GABA(B) receptors. Our data suggest that polyamines have a previously unknown neuroprotective role in the developing brain.
Aizenman,
Visually driven regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability improves stimulus detection in vivo.
2003, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Aizenman,
Visually driven regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability improves stimulus detection in vivo.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Aizenman,
Visually driven modulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission is mediated by the regulation of intracellular polyamines.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Akerman,
Depolarizing GABAergic conductances regulate the balance of excitation to inhibition in the developing retinotectal circuit in vivo.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Baraban,
Pentylenetetrazole induced changes in zebrafish behavior, neural activity and c-fos expression.
2005,
Pubmed
Bowie,
Inward rectification of both AMPA and kainate subtype glutamate receptors generated by polyamine-mediated ion channel block.
1995,
Pubmed
Camón,
Polyamine metabolism and glutamate receptor agonists-mediated excitotoxicity in the rat brain.
2001,
Pubmed
Clements,
Detection of spontaneous synaptic events with an optimally scaled template.
1997,
Pubmed
Cowan,
The epidemiology of the epilepsies in children.
2002,
Pubmed
Fleidervish,
Endogenous polyamines regulate cortical neuronal excitability by blocking voltage-gated Na+ channels.
2008,
Pubmed
Gilad,
Polyamine biosynthesis is required for survival of sympathetic neurons after axonal injury.
1983,
Pubmed
Haas,
Resistance of immature hippocampus to morphologic and physiologic alterations following status epilepticus or kindling.
2001,
Pubmed
Haas,
Kainic acid-induced seizures enhance dentate gyrus inhibition by downregulation of GABA(B) receptors.
1996,
Pubmed
Halonen,
Elevated seizure threshold and impaired spatial learning in transgenic mice with putrescine overproduction in the brain.
1993,
Pubmed
Hayashi,
Increases in brain polyamine concentrations in chemical kindling and single convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazol in rats.
1993,
Pubmed
Hayashi,
Involvement of putrescine in the development of kindled seizure in rats.
1992,
Pubmed
Hewapathirane,
Single cell electroporation in vivo within the intact developing brain.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kaasinen,
Overexpression of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase elevates the threshold to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure activity in transgenic mice.
2003,
Pubmed
Kamboj,
Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium-permeable AMPA and kainate receptors.
1995,
Pubmed
Laschet,
Characteristics of putrescine uptake and subsequent GABA formation in primary cultured astrocytes from normal C57BL/6J and epileptic DBA/2J mouse brain cortices.
1992,
Pubmed
Lerma,
Spermine regulates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor desensitization.
1992,
Pubmed
Liu,
Consequences of recurrent seizures during early brain development.
1999,
Pubmed
Najm,
Seizure activity-induced changes in polyamine metabolism and neuronal pathology during the postnatal period in rat brain.
1992,
Pubmed
Noto,
Spontaneous release of gamma-aminobutyric acid formed from putrescine and its enhanced Ca2+-dependent release by high K+ stimulation in the brains of freely moving rats.
1986,
Pubmed
Osawa,
Evidence for the direct interaction of spermine with the inwardly rectifying potassium channel.
2009,
Pubmed
Paschen,
Polyamine metabolism in different pathological states of the brain.
1992,
Pubmed
Pearce,
Different mechanisms for use-dependent depression of two GABAA-mediated IPSCs in rat hippocampus.
1995,
Pubmed
Pegg,
Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase.
2006,
Pubmed
Pitler,
Depolarization-induced suppression of GABAergic inhibition in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells: G protein involvement in a presynaptic mechanism.
1994,
Pubmed
Pitler,
Differences between presynaptic and postsynaptic GABAB mechanisms in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells.
1994,
Pubmed
Pratt,
Homeostatic regulation of intrinsic excitability and synaptic transmission in a developing visual circuit.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sankar,
GABA metabolism during status epilepticus in the developing rat brain.
1997,
Pubmed
Scharfman,
The neurobiology of epilepsy.
2007,
Pubmed
Schousboe,
Pharmacological and functional characterization of astrocytic GABA transport: a short review.
2000,
Pubmed
Seiler,
Putrescine catabolism in mammalian brain.
1974,
Pubmed
Seiler,
Catabolism of polyamines.
2004,
Pubmed
Sequerra,
Putrescine as an important source of GABA in the postnatal rat subventricular zone.
2007,
Pubmed
Shimosato,
Increased polyamine levels and changes in the sensitivity to convulsions during chronic treatment with cocaine in mice.
1995,
Pubmed
Shin,
PKC and polyamine modulation of GluR2-deficient AMPA receptors in immature neocortical pyramidal neurons of the rat.
2007,
Pubmed
Shin,
Polyamines modulate AMPA receptor-dependent synaptic responses in immature layer v pyramidal neurons.
2005,
Pubmed
Tabor,
Polyamines.
1984,
Pubmed
Williams,
Interactions of polyamines with ion channels.
1997,
Pubmed
Williams,
Modulation and block of ion channels: a new biology of polyamines.
1997,
Pubmed
Wu,
Maturation of a central glutamatergic synapse.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Yamasaki,
GABAergic system in the developing mammalian retina: dual sources of GABA at early stages of postnatal development.
1999,
Pubmed
Zawia,
Correlations between developmental ornithine decarboxylase gene expression and enzyme activity in the rat brain.
1993,
Pubmed
Zawia,
Electrically stimulated rapid gene expression in the brain: ornithine decarboxylase and c-fos.
1990,
Pubmed
de Vera,
Spermine induces cell death in cultured human embryonic cerebral cortical neurons through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation.
2008,
Pubmed
de Vera,
Cerebral distribution of polyamines in kainic acid-induced models of status epilepticus and ataxia in rats. Overproduction of putrescine and histological damage.
2002,
Pubmed
