Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Science
2013 Nov 15;3426160:856-60. doi: 10.1126/science.1243147.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Cytoplasmic volume modulates spindle size during embryogenesis.
Good MC
,
Vahey MD
,
Skandarajah A
,
Fletcher DA
,
Heald R
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Rapid and reductive cell divisions during embryogenesis require that intracellular structures adapt to a wide range of cell sizes. The mitotic spindle presents a central example of this flexibility, scaling with the dimensions of the cell to mediate accurate chromosome segregation. To determine whether spindle size regulation is achieved through a developmental program or is intrinsically specified by cell size or shape, we developed a system to encapsulate cytoplasm from Xenopus eggs and embryos inside cell-like compartments of defined sizes. Spindle size was observed to shrink with decreasing compartment size, similar to what occurs during early embryogenesis, and this scaling trend depended on compartment volume rather than shape. Thus, the amount of cytoplasmic material provides a mechanism for regulating the size of intracellular structures.
Becker,
Visualization of the cytoskeleton in Xenopus oocytes and eggs by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.
2006, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Becker,
Visualization of the cytoskeleton in Xenopus oocytes and eggs by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Brown,
Xenopus tropicalis egg extracts provide insight into scaling of the mitotic spindle.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Brugués,
Nucleation and transport organize microtubules in metaphase spindles.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Brun,
A theory of microtubule catastrophes and their regulation.
2009,
Pubmed
Chan,
How cells know the size of their organelles.
2012,
Pubmed
Courtois,
The transition from meiotic to mitotic spindle assembly is gradual during early mammalian development.
2012,
Pubmed
Decker,
Limiting amounts of centrosome material set centrosome size in C. elegans embryos.
2011,
Pubmed
Desai,
The use of Xenopus egg extracts to study mitotic spindle assembly and function in vitro.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dinarina,
Chromatin shapes the mitotic spindle.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dumont,
Force and length in the mitotic spindle.
2009,
Pubmed
Dumont,
Spindle size: small droplets and a big step forward.
2014,
Pubmed
Gard,
Microtubule assembly in cytoplasmic extracts of Xenopus oocytes and eggs.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Goehring,
Organelle growth control through limiting pools of cytoplasmic components.
2012,
Pubmed
Goshima,
Control of mitotic spindle length.
2010,
Pubmed
Greenan,
Centrosome size sets mitotic spindle length in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hannak,
Investigating mitotic spindle assembly and function in vitro using Xenopus laevis egg extracts.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hara,
An allometric relationship between mitotic spindle width, spindle length, and ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos.
2013,
Pubmed
Janson,
Dynamic instability of microtubules is regulated by force.
2003,
Pubmed
Kafri,
Dynamics extracted from fixed cells reveal feedback linking cell growth to cell cycle.
2013,
Pubmed
Khokha,
Techniques and probes for the study of Xenopus tropicalis development.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Laan,
Cortical dynein controls microtubule dynamics to generate pulling forces that position microtubule asters.
2012,
Pubmed
Lancaster,
Mitotic rounding alters cell geometry to ensure efficient bipolar spindle formation.
2013,
Pubmed
Lattao,
Giant meiotic spindles in males from Drosophila species with giant sperm tails.
2012,
Pubmed
Levy,
Mechanisms of intracellular scaling.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Loughlin,
Katanin contributes to interspecies spindle length scaling in Xenopus.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Loughlin,
A computational model predicts Xenopus meiotic spindle organization.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
McDonald,
Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane).
2000,
Pubmed
Minc,
Influence of cell geometry on division-plane positioning.
2011,
Pubmed
Pinot,
Confinement induces actin flow in a meiotic cytoplasm.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Pinot,
Effects of confinement on the self-organization of microtubules and motors.
2009,
Pubmed
Preibisch,
Globally optimal stitching of tiled 3D microscopic image acquisitions.
2009,
Pubmed
Reber,
XMAP215 activity sets spindle length by controlling the total mass of spindle microtubules.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Showell,
Natural mating and tadpole husbandry in the western clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Turner,
Cell size control in yeast.
2012,
Pubmed
Tzur,
Cell growth and size homeostasis in proliferating animal cells.
2009,
Pubmed
Wilbur,
Mitotic spindle scaling during Xenopus development by kif2a and importin α.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wühr,
Evidence for an upper limit to mitotic spindle length.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
