J Appl Toxicol 2018 May 01;385:628-637. doi: 10.1002/jat.3567.

Inhibition of germinal vesicle breakdown in Xenopus oocytes in vitro by a series of substituted glycol ethers.

???displayArticle.abstract???
A 24 hour in vitro Xenopus oocyte maturation (germinal vesicle breakdown [GVBD]) assay developed by Pickford and Morris (Environmental Health Perspectives, 1999, 107, 285-292) was used to screen a series of substituted glycol ethers (GEs). Substituted GEs included: ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME); EG monoethyl ether (EGEE); EG monopropyl ether (EGPE); EG monobutyl ether (EGBE); EG monohexyl ether (EGHE); diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DGME); triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TGME); ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (EGPhE); EG monobenzyl ether (EGBeE); EG diphenyl ether (EGDPhE); and propylene glycol monophenyl ether (PGPhE). The GEs inhibited progesterone- or androstenedione-induced GVBD with the following relative potency: EGPhE > PGPhE > EGME > EGEE ≥ EGBeE > EGPE > EGBE >EGHE > EGDPhE > DGME ≥ TGME, or EGPhE > PGPhE > EGBeE > EGDPhE > EGEE > EGME > EGPE > EGBE, EGHE, DGME and TGME, respectively. Further, [3 H]progesterone or [3 H]androstenedione binding affinities to the oocyte plasma membrane progesterone receptor (OMPR) or classical androgen receptor (AR) were: EGME > EGPhE ≥ PGPhE ≥ EGEE > EGBeE > EGPE > EGBE ≥ EGHE > EGDPhE, TGME, and DGME, or EGPhE > PGPhE > EGBeE > EGDPhE > EGEE ≥ EGME > EGPE, EGBE, and EGHE > DGME and TGME, respectively. Binary joint mixture studies with the GVBD model using flutamide (AR antagonist) and EGPhE indicated that flutamide/EGPhE mixture acted in a concentration additive manner. The effects of substituted GE series, however, may be mediated through the OMPR; the potency of EGPhE may be the result of bimodal inhibition of both the OMPR and AR pathways.

???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 29205417
???displayArticle.link??? J Appl Toxicol


Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: ar mapk1 pgr rem1
GO keywords: oocyte maturation [+]


???attribute.lit??? ???displayArticles.show???