Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Front Physiol
2017 Jan 01;8:953. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00953.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Chemosensory Gene Families in Ectropis grisescens and Candidates for Detection of Type-II Sex Pheromones.
Li ZQ
,
Luo ZX
,
Cai XM
,
Bian L
,
Xin ZJ
,
Liu Y
,
Chu B
,
Chen ZM
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Tea grey geometrid (Ectropis grisescens), a devastating chewing pest in tea plantations throughout China, produces Type-II pheromone components. Little is known about the genes encoding proteins involved in the perception of Type-II sex pheromone components. To investigate the olfaction genes involved in E. grisescens sex pheromones and plant volatiles perception, we sequenced female and male antennae transcriptomes of E. grisescens. After assembly and annotation, we identified 153 candidate chemoreception genes in E. grisescens, including 40 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 30 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 59 odorant receptors (ORs), and 24 ionotropic receptors (IRs). The results of phylogenetic, qPCR, and mRNA abundance analyses suggested that three candidate pheromone-binding proteins (EgriOBP2, 3, and 25), two candidate general odorant-binding proteins (EgriOBP1 and 29), six pheromone receptors (EgriOR24, 25, 28, 31, 37, and 44), and EgriCSP8 may be involved in the detection of Type-II sex pheromone components. Functional investigation by heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes revealed that EgriOR31 was robustly tuned to the E. grisescens sex pheromone component (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-octadecatriene and weakly to the other sex pheromone component (Z,Z)-3,9-6,7-epoxyoctadecadiene. Our results represent a systematic functional analysis of the molecular mechanism of olfaction perception in E. grisescens with an emphasis on gene encoding proteins involved in perception of Type-II sex pheromones, and provide information that will be relevant to other Lepidoptera species.
Figure 1. Annotation summaries for E. grisescens transcripts. (A) Species distribution of transcripts with best hit annotation terms in non-redundant (NR) database. (B) Gene ontology (GO) classifications of E. grisescens transcripts.
Figure 2. Alignment of amino acid sequences of EgriOBPs and EgriCSPs. (A) Alignment of amino acid sequences of the EgriOBPs. (B) Alignment of amino acid sequences of EgriCSPs. Boxes indicate predicted signal peptides, blue highlight indicates conserved cysteines.
Figure 3. Phylogenetic analysis of EgriOBPs with other typical insect OBPs. Phylogenetic tree was constructed in PhyML3.0 using maximum likelihood method.
Figure 4. Phylogenetic analysis of EgriCSPs with other typical insect CSPs. Phylogenetic tree was constructed in PhyML3.0 using maximum likelihood method.
Figure 5. Phylogenetic analysis of EgriORs with other typical insect ORs. Phylogenetic tree was constructed in PhyML3.0 using maximum likelihood method.
Figure 6. Phylogenetic analysis of EgriIRs with other typical insect IRs. Phylogenetic tree was constructed in PhyML3.0 using maximum likelihood method.
Figure 7. Tissue expression profiles and abundance of selected EgriOBP and EgriCSP genes in antennae based on relative mRNA quantity and RPKM values. Heat map illustrates Log10-transformated mRNA expression levels of EgriOBP and EgriCSP in different tissues. Histogram shows RPKM values of EgriOBP and EgriCSP. (A) Tissue expression profile and RPKM values of selected EgriOBP genes. (B) Tissue expression profile and RPKM values of selected EgriCSP genes. FA, female antennae; MA, male antennae; FH, female head without antennae; MH, male head without antennae; FT, female thorax; MT, male thorax; FAb, female abdomen without pheromone glad; MAb, male abdomen; FL, female legs; ML, male legs; FW, female wings; MW, male wings; FPr, female proboscis; MPr, male proboscis; Pg, pheromone gland. *P-value < 0.05.
Figure 8. Tissue expression profiles and abundance of selected EgriOR and EgriIR genes in antennae based on relative mRNA quantity and RPKM values. Heat map illustrates Log10-transformed mRNA expression levels of EgriOR and EgriIR in different tissues. Histogram shows RPKM values of EgriOR and EgriIR. (A) Tissue expression profile and RPKM values of selected EgriOR genes. (B) Tissue expression profile and RPKM values of selected EgriIR genes. FA, female antennae; MA, male antennae; FH, female head without antennae; MH, male head without antennae; FT, female thorax; MT, male thorax; FAb, female abdomen without pheromone gland; MAb, male abdomen; FL, female legs; ML, male legs; FW, female wings; MW, male wings; FPr, female proboscis; MPr, male proboscis; Pg, pheromone gland. *P < 0.05.
Figure 9. Responses of Xenopus oocytes co-expressing EgriOR31/EgriORco and EgriOR1/EgriORco to stimulations with pheromone compounds. Inward current responses of EgriOR31/EgriORco and EgriOR1/EgriORco Xenopus oocytes in response to 10−5 M solutions of sex pheromone compounds.
Ai,
Ionotropic glutamate receptors IR64a and IR8a form a functional odorant receptor complex in vivo in Drosophila.
2013, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Ai,
Ionotropic glutamate receptors IR64a and IR8a form a functional odorant receptor complex in vivo in Drosophila.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ai,
Acid sensing by the Drosophila olfactory system.
2010,
Pubmed
Ando,
Lepidopteran sex pheromones.
2004,
Pubmed
Angeli,
Purification, structural characterization, cloning and immunocytochemical localization of chemoreception proteins from Schistocerca gregaria.
1999,
Pubmed
Benton,
Variant ionotropic glutamate receptors as chemosensory receptors in Drosophila.
2009,
Pubmed
Bustin,
The MIQE guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments.
2009,
Pubmed
Cao,
Identification of candidate olfactory genes in Chilo suppressalis by antennal transcriptome analysis.
2014,
Pubmed
Chang,
Pheromone binding proteins enhance the sensitivity of olfactory receptors to sex pheromones in Chilo suppressalis.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Conesa,
Blast2GO: a universal tool for annotation, visualization and analysis in functional genomics research.
2005,
Pubmed
Dong,
RNAi-Induced Electrophysiological and Behavioral Changes Reveal two Pheromone Binding Proteins of Helicoverpa armigera Involved in the Perception of the Main Sex Pheromone Component Z11-16:Ald.
2017,
Pubmed
Flower,
The lipocalin protein family: structure and function.
1996,
Pubmed
Forêt,
Function and evolution of a gene family encoding odorant binding-like proteins in a social insect, the honey bee (Apis mellifera).
2006,
Pubmed
Gong,
The odorant binding protein gene family from the genome of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
2009,
Pubmed
González,
The major antennal chemosensory protein of red imported fire ant workers.
2009,
Pubmed
Grabherr,
Full-length transcriptome assembly from RNA-Seq data without a reference genome.
2011,
Pubmed
Guindon,
New algorithms and methods to estimate maximum-likelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3.0.
2010,
Pubmed
Hekmat-Scafe,
Genome-wide analysis of the odorant-binding protein gene family in Drosophila melanogaster.
2002,
Pubmed
Jiang,
Sequence similarity and functional comparisons of pheromone receptor orthologs in two closely related Helicoverpa species.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Jin,
Different roles suggested by sex-biased expression and pheromone binding affinity among three pheromone binding proteins in the pink rice borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
2014,
Pubmed
Katoh,
MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability.
2013,
Pubmed
Kulmuni,
Insights into the evolution of the CSP gene family through the integration of evolutionary analysis and comparative protein modeling.
2013,
Pubmed
Larkin,
Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0.
2007,
Pubmed
Leal,
Odorant reception in insects: roles of receptors, binding proteins, and degrading enzymes.
2013,
Pubmed
Li,
Expression Analysis and Binding Assays in the Chemosensory Protein Gene Family Indicate Multiple Roles in Helicoverpa armigera.
2015,
Pubmed
Li,
Two Minus-C odorant binding proteins from Helicoverpa armigera display higher ligand binding affinity at acidic pH than neutral pH.
2013,
Pubmed
Liu,
Functional differentiation of pheromone-binding proteins in the common cutworm Spodoptera litura.
2013,
Pubmed
Liu,
Two subclasses of odorant-binding proteins in Spodoptera exigua display structural conservation and functional divergence.
2015,
Pubmed
Liu,
Candidate olfaction genes identified within the Helicoverpa armigera Antennal Transcriptome.
2012,
Pubmed
Liu,
Two general-odorant binding proteins in Spodoptera litura are differentially tuned to sex pheromones and plant odorants.
2015,
Pubmed
Liu,
Identification and functional characterization of sex pheromone receptors in beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner).
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ma,
Analysis of Tea Geometrid (Ectropis grisescens) Pheromone Gland Extracts Using GC-EAD and GC×GC/TOFMS.
2016,
Pubmed
Maleszka,
RNAi-induced phenotypes suggest a novel role for a chemosensory protein CSP5 in the development of embryonic integument in the honeybee (Apis mellifera).
2007,
Pubmed
Millar,
Polyene hydrocarbons and epoxides: a second major class of lepidopteran sex attractant pheromones.
2000,
Pubmed
Mortazavi,
Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq.
2008,
Pubmed
Nakagawa,
Amino acid residues contributing to function of the heteromeric insect olfactory receptor complex.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Pelosi,
Soluble proteins of chemical communication: an overview across arthropods.
2014,
Pubmed
Rytz,
Ionotropic receptors (IRs): chemosensory ionotropic glutamate receptors in Drosophila and beyond.
2013,
Pubmed
Sanes,
Gypsy moth pheromone-binding protein-ligand interactions: pH profiles and simulations as tools for detecting polar interactions.
2016,
Pubmed
Spinelli,
Crystal structure of Apis mellifera OBP14, a C-minus odorant-binding protein, and its complexes with odorant molecules.
2012,
Pubmed
Spletter,
A new family of odorant receptors in Drosophila.
2009,
Pubmed
Sun,
Identification and characterization of pheromone receptors and interplay between receptors and pheromone binding proteins in the diamondback moth, Plutella xyllostella.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sun,
Volatiles emitted from tea plants infested by Ectropis obliqua larvae are attractive to conspecific moths.
2014,
Pubmed
Sun,
Expression in antennae and reproductive organs suggests a dual role of an odorant-binding protein in two sibling Helicoverpa species.
2012,
Pubmed
Tegoni,
Structural aspects of sexual attraction and chemical communication in insects.
2004,
Pubmed
Wang,
Molecular basis of odor coding in the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Waterhouse,
Jalview Version 2--a multiple sequence alignment editor and analysis workbench.
2009,
Pubmed
Ye,
WEGO: a web tool for plotting GO annotations.
2006,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Functional characterization of sex pheromone receptors in the purple stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker).
2014,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Zhang,
Antenna-predominant and male-biased CSP19 of Sesamia inferens is able to bind the female sex pheromones and host plant volatiles.
2014,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Receptor for detection of a Type II sex pheromone in the winter moth Operophtera brumata.
2016,
Pubmed
Zhang,
The molecular basis for attractive salt-taste coding in Drosophila.
2013,
Pubmed
Zhou,
Characterisation of Bombyx mori Odorant-binding proteins reveals that a general odorant-binding protein discriminates between sex pheromone components.
2009,
Pubmed
Zhou,
Odorant-binding proteins in insects.
2010,
Pubmed
Zhou,
"Plus-C" odorant-binding protein genes in two Drosophila species and the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae.
2004,
Pubmed
