XB-ART-57128
Semin Cell Dev Biol
2020 Nov 01;107:130-146. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.020.
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Tissue segregation in the early vertebrate embryo.
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This chapter discusses our current knowledge on the major segregation events that lead to the individualization of the building blocks of vertebrate organisms, starting with the segregation between "outer" and "inner" cells, the separation of the germ layers and the maintenance of their boundaries during gastrulation, and finally the emergence of the primary axial structure, the notochord. The amphibian embryo is used as the prototypical model, to which fish and mouse development are compared. This comparison highlights a striking conservation of the basic processes. It suggests that simple principles may account for the formation of divergent structures. One of them is based on the non-adhesive nature of the apical domain of epithelial cells, exploited to segregate superficial and deep cell populations as a result of asymmetric division. The other principle involves differential expression of contact cues, such as ephrins and protocadherins, to build up high tension along adhesive interfaces, which efficiently creates sharp boundaries.
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Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: epha4 ephb1 ephb2 ephb3 ephb4 foxa4 myf5 myod1 not pcdh8
GO keywords: formation of primary germ layer