Pigment Cell Res 1993 Oct 01;65:359-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.1993.tb00614.x.

Melanization stimulating activity in the skin of the gilthead porgy, Sparus auratus.

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The presence of a melanization-stimulating factor (MSF) was discovered in dorsal and/or ventral skin of Sparus auratus. Skin from this marine species was used to condition Steinberg's balanced salt solution (BSS), which was subsequently tested with the neural tube assay. BBS conditioned by dorsal and/or ventral skin of S. auratus at 25% and 50% concentrations had a profound stimulatory effect on the percentage of melanization of neural crest cells throughout the 3-day assay period. In some cases 90% melanization occurred within the first 24 hr. Such stimulated cells showed a doubling of the number of dendrites per cell. To assess the effects of MSF on other indices of melanization, dorsal and/or ventral skin was used to condition MEM used in the culture of B16-F10 murine melanoma cells. During the first 24 hr, B16-F10 murine melanoma cells responded to conditioned media by demonstrating a considerable increase in activities of tyrosine hydroxylase, dopa oxidase, and dopachrome tautomerase, but no effect was observed on melanin content. In contrast, melanin content increased after 48 hr of incubation, whereas the enzymatic activities were inhibited during this period. It seems that MSF activity, expressed in several ways, may be present generally among marine species.

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Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: f10 prg4