Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
The CArG promoter sequence is necessary for muscle-specific transcription of the cardiac actin gene in Xenopus embryos.
Mohun TJ
,
Taylor MV
,
Garrett N
,
Gurdon JB
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Promoter sequences required for activation of the Xenopus cardiac actin gene in embryonic muscle were analysed by micro-injecting chimeric actin/beta-globin genes into the two-cell Xenopus embryo. Transcription was monitored during subsequent differentiation of embryonic muscle and non-muscle tissues. The effect of a variety of mutations including internal deletions and linker scan mutations between -64 and -396 within the cardiac actin promoter were tested. This region contains four copies of a conserved motif, the CArG box, common to vertebrate striated muscle acting gene promoters. In the Xenopus cardiac actin gene, the most proximal of these motifs (CArG box 1) located at -80, was essential for muscle-specific transcription. Other CArG motifs could functionally substitute for CArG box 1 when placed in this position. CArG boxes 3 and 4 bound the same activity in a neurulaembryo nuclear extract as CArG box 1 and the amount of this binding activity was constant through early development.
Bergsma,
Delimitation and characterization of cis-acting DNA sequences required for the regulated expression and transcriptional control of the chicken skeletal alpha-actin gene.
1986, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Bergsma,
Delimitation and characterization of cis-acting DNA sequences required for the regulated expression and transcriptional control of the chicken skeletal alpha-actin gene.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dignam,
Eukaryotic gene transcription with purified components.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dumont,
Oogenesis in Xenopus laevis (Daudin). I. Stages of oocyte development in laboratory maintained animals.
1972,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Giniger,
Cooperative DNA binding of the yeast transcriptional activator GAL4.
1988,
Pubmed
Gorski,
Tissue-specific in vitro transcription from the mouse albumin promoter.
1986,
Pubmed
Gurdon,
Activation of muscle-specific actin genes in Xenopus development by an induction between animal and vegetal cells of a blastula.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gurdon,
Methods for nuclear transplantation in amphibia.
1977,
Pubmed
Gurdon,
The use of Xenopus oocytes for the expression of cloned genes.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gustafson,
Interaction of nuclear proteins with muscle-specific regulatory sequences of the human cardiac alpha-actin promoter.
1988,
Pubmed
Jantzen,
Cooperativity of glucocorticoid response elements located far upstream of the tyrosine aminotransferase gene.
1987,
Pubmed
Maniatis,
Regulation of inducible and tissue-specific gene expression.
1987,
Pubmed
Maxam,
Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages.
1980,
Pubmed
McKnight,
Transcriptional control signals of a eukaryotic protein-coding gene.
1982,
Pubmed
Melton,
Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter.
1984,
Pubmed
Minty,
Upstream regions of the human cardiac actin gene that modulate its transcription in muscle cells: presence of an evolutionarily conserved repeated motif.
1986,
Pubmed
Minty,
Two-level regulation of cardiac actin gene transcription: muscle-specific modulating factors can accumulate before gene activation.
1986,
Pubmed
Miwa,
CArG boxes in the human cardiac alpha-actin gene are core binding sites for positive trans-acting regulatory factors.
1987,
Pubmed
Miwa,
Duplicated CArG box domains have positive and mutually dependent regulatory roles in expression of the human alpha-cardiac actin gene.
1987,
Pubmed
Mohun,
Cell type-specific activation of actin genes in the early amphibian embryo.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mohun,
Upstream sequences required for tissue-specific activation of the cardiac actin gene in Xenopus laevis embryos.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mohun,
Xenopus cytoskeletal actin and human c-fos gene promoters share a conserved protein-binding site.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Muscat,
Multiple 5'-flanking regions of the human alpha-skeletal actin gene synergistically modulate muscle-specific expression.
1987,
Pubmed
Peterson,
Characterization of two xenopus somatic 5S DNAs and one minor oocyte-specific 5S DNA.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Phan-Dinh-Tuy,
The 'CC.Ar.GG' box. A protein-binding site common to transcription-regulatory regions of the cardiac actin, c-fos and interleukin-2 receptor genes.
1988,
Pubmed
Richler,
The in vitro cultivation and differentiation capacities of myogenic cell lines.
1970,
Pubmed
Searle,
Building a metal-responsive promoter with synthetic regulatory elements.
1985,
Pubmed
Topol,
Sequences required for in vitro transcriptional activation of a Drosophila hsp 70 gene.
1985,
Pubmed
Treisman,
Specific transcription and RNA splicing defects in five cloned beta-thalassaemia genes.
1983,
Pubmed
Walsh,
Two nuclear factors compete for the skeletal muscle actin promoter.
1987,
Pubmed
Wilson,
Tissue-specific expression of actin genes injected into Xenopus embryos.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wu,
Activating protein factor binds in vitro to upstream control sequences in heat shock gene chromatin.
,
Pubmed
Yaffe,
Serial passaging and differentiation of myogenic cells isolated from dystrophic mouse muscle.
,
Pubmed
Zinn,
Identification of two distinct regulatory regions adjacent to the human beta-interferon gene.
1983,
Pubmed
