Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
J Comp Physiol B
2007 May 01;1774:401-11. doi: 10.1007/s00360-006-0139-y.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Nitric oxide decreases ammonium release in tadpoles of the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, Daudin.
Wildling S
,
Kerschbaum HH
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
In the present study, we quantified the physiological consequences of nitric oxide (NO) on ammonium release in tadpoles of Xenopus laevis. Tadpoles exposed to S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), an NO-donor, or L: -arginine, the substrate of NO synthase (NOS), showed a reversible decrease, whereas animals exposed to the NOS inhibitor Nomega-methyl-L: -arginine (L: -NMMA) exhibited an increase in ammonium release. Release of ammonium may be of physiological relevance during stress response of the animal. Handling of tadpoles as well as exposure to hyposmotic environments increased ammonium release. To localize NO synthesizing cells, we used diaminofluorescein-diacetate (DAF-2DA), an NO-sensitive fluorescent dye, and NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry, an indicator for NOS activity. We observed a fluorescence signal as well as NADPH-diaphorase activity in small, solitary cells in the epidermis. Similarly to NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry, silver nitrate staining and rhodamine labelling, markers for mitochondria-rich cells, showed a strong reaction in these cells. These observations indicate that NO (1) inhibits ammonium release, and (2) is endogenously synthesized in mitochondria-rich cells in Xenopus tadpoles. Based on our histochemical results, we speculate that gillepithelium and epidermis work in parallel to release ammonium as epidermal tissue contains mitochondria-rich and NADPH-diaphorase positive cells.
Andersson,
Inactivation of aconitase and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle in vitro by superoxide anions and/or nitric oxide.
1998, Pubmed
Andersson,
Inactivation of aconitase and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle in vitro by superoxide anions and/or nitric oxide.
1998,
Pubmed
Beesley,
Histochemical methods for detecting nitric oxide synthase.
1995,
Pubmed
Bolaños,
Nitric oxide-mediated inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in cultured astrocytes.
1994,
Pubmed
Boneh,
Regulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by second messenger-mediated signal transduction mechanisms.
2006,
Pubmed
Brookes,
Mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase.
2004,
Pubmed
Brüne,
Protein thiol modification of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and caspase-3 by nitric oxide.
2001,
Pubmed
COPELAND,
The cytological basis of chloride transfer in the gills of Fundulus heteroclitus.
1948,
Pubmed
Das,
Responses of gill to various changes in salinity in fresh water teleost Colisa fasciatus (Bl. and Schn.).
1978,
Pubmed
Ebbesson,
Nitric oxide synthase in the gill of Atlantic salmon: colocalization with and inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase.
2005,
Pubmed
Evans,
The multifunctional fish gill: dominant site of gas exchange, osmoregulation, acid-base regulation, and excretion of nitrogenous waste.
2005,
Pubmed
Galvez,
Isolation and characterization of mitochondria-rich cell types from the gill of freshwater rainbow trout.
2002,
Pubmed
García Romeu,
Sodium uptake and ammonia excretion through the in vivo skin of the South American frog Leptodactylus ocellatus (L., 1758).
1968,
Pubmed
Garthwaite,
Signaling from blood vessels to CNS axons through nitric oxide.
2006,
Pubmed
Hanafy,
NO, nitrotyrosine, and cyclic GMP in signal transduction.
2001,
Pubmed
He,
NO inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport via a cytochrome P-450-dependent pathway in renal epithelial cells (MMDD1).
2003,
Pubmed
Hirose,
Molecular biology of major components of chloride cells.
2003,
Pubmed
Katz,
Mitochondria-rich cells in anuran amphibia: chloride conductance and regional distribution over the body surface.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Katz,
Dynamics and density of mitochondria-rich cells in toad skin epithelium.
1995,
Pubmed
Kiesecker,
Identification of a disturbance signal in larval red-legged frogs, Rana aurora.
1999,
Pubmed
Kloas,
Stage-dependent changes in adrenal steroids and catecholamines during development in Xenopus laevis.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Marcaggi,
Ammonium in nervous tissue: transport across cell membranes, fluxes from neurons to glial cells, and role in signalling.
2001,
Pubmed
Marshall,
Na(+), Cl(-), Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) transport by fish gills: retrospective review and prospective synthesis.
2002,
Pubmed
McCormick,
In vitro stimulation of Na+-K+-ATPase activity and ouabain binding by cortisol in coho salmon gill.
1989,
Pubmed
McCormick,
Cortisol directly stimulates differentiation of chloride cells in tilapia opercular membrane.
1990,
Pubmed
Michelakis,
The NO - K+ channel axis in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Activation by experimental oral therapies.
2003,
Pubmed
Ortiz,
Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of nephron transport.
2002,
Pubmed
Ott,
New techniques for whole-mount NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry demonstrated in insect ganglia.
2003,
Pubmed
Ott,
Cerebral metabolic disturbances in the brain during acute liver failure: from hyperammonemia to energy failure and proteolysis.
2005,
Pubmed
Peunova,
Nitric oxide is an essential negative regulator of cell proliferation in Xenopus brain.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Randall,
Air breathing and ammonia excretion in the giant mudskipper, Periophthalmodon schlosseri.
2004,
Pubmed
Rodriguez,
Performance of diamino fluorophores for the localization of sources and targets of nitric oxide.
2005,
Pubmed
Roos,
Intracellular pH.
1981,
Pubmed
Räthel,
Application of 4,5-diaminofluorescein to reliably measure nitric oxide released from endothelial cells in vitro.
2003,
Pubmed
Sirover,
New insights into an old protein: the functional diversity of mammalian glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
1999,
Pubmed
Tipsmark,
Regulation of Na+/K+-ATPase activity by nitric oxide in the kidney and gill of the brown trout (Salmo trutta).
2003,
Pubmed
UNDERHAY,
Nitrogen excretion in the tadpoles of Xenopus laevis Daudin.
1955,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
