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XB-ART-38461
Cell Signal 2008 Dec 01;2012:2347-55. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.09.005.
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Molecular characterization of a novel cell surface ADP-ribosyl cyclase from the sea urchin.

Churamani D , Boulware MJ , Ramakrishnan L , Geach TJ , Martin AC , Vacquier VD , Marchant JS , Dale L , Patel S .


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The sea urchin is an extensively used model system for the study of calcium signalling by the messenger molecules NAADP and cyclic ADP-ribose. Both are synthesized by ADP-ribosyl cyclases but our molecular understanding of these enzymes in the sea urchin is limited. We have recently reported the cloning of an extended family of sea urchin ADP-ribosyl cyclases and shown that one of these enzymes (SpARC1) is active within the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. These studies suggest that production of messengers is compartmentalized. Here we characterize the properties of SpARC2. SpARC2 catalyzed both NAADP and cyclic ADP-ribose production. Unusually, the NAD surrogate, NGD was a poor substrate. In contrast to SpARC1, heterologously expressed SpARC2 localized to the plasma membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor. Transcripts for SpARC2 were readily detectable in sea urchin eggs and a majority of the endogenous membrane bound activity was found to be GPI-anchored. Our data reveal striking differences in the properties of sea urchin ADP-ribosyl cyclases and provide further evidence that messenger production may occur outside of the cytosol.

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Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: gnpda1 gpi ngdn

References [+] :
Basile, ADP-ribosyl cyclases generate two unusual adenine homodinucleotides with cytotoxic activity on mammalian cells. 2005, Pubmed