Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Plant Cell
2018 May 01;305:1147-1164. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00864.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Aluminum-Activated Malate Transporters Can Facilitate GABA Transport.
Ramesh SA
,
Kamran M
,
Sullivan W
,
Chirkova L
,
Okamoto M
,
Degryse F
,
McLaughlin M
,
Gilliham M
,
Tyerman SD
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Plant aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) are currently classified as anion channels; they are also known to be regulated by diverse signals, leading to a range of physiological responses. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) regulation of anion flux through ALMT proteins requires a specific amino acid motif in ALMTs that shares similarity with a GABA binding site in mammalian GABAA receptors. Here, we explore why TaALMT1 activation leads to a negative correlation between malate efflux and endogenous GABA concentrations ([GABA]i) in both wheat (Triticum aestivum) root tips and in heterologous expression systems. We show that TaALMT1 activation reduces [GABA]i because TaALMT1 facilitates GABA efflux but GABA does not complex Al3+ TaALMT1 also leads to GABA transport into cells, demonstrated by a yeast complementation assay and via 14C-GABA uptake into TaALMT1-expressing Xenopus laevis oocytes; this was found to be a general feature of all ALMTs we examined. Mutation of the GABA motif (TaALMT1F213C) prevented both GABA influx and efflux, and resulted in no correlation between malate efflux and [GABA]i We conclude that ALMTs are likely to act as both GABA and anion transporters in planta. GABA and malate appear to interact with ALMTs in a complex manner to regulate each other's transport, suggestive of a role for ALMTs in communicating metabolic status.
Albrecht,
Aluminum chloride stimulates NACl-dependent release of taurine and ?-aminobutyric acid in rat cortical astrocytes.
1991, Pubmed
Albrecht,
Aluminum chloride stimulates NACl-dependent release of taurine and ?-aminobutyric acid in rat cortical astrocytes.
1991,
Pubmed
An,
High efficiency transformation of cultured tobacco cells.
1985,
Pubmed
Balzergue,
Low phosphate activates STOP1-ALMT1 to rapidly inhibit root cell elongation.
2017,
Pubmed
Ben-Menachem,
Mechanism of action of vigabatrin: correcting misperceptions.
2011,
Pubmed
Boileau,
Mapping the agonist binding site of the GABAA receptor: evidence for a beta-strand.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bouché,
GABA signaling: a conserved and ubiquitous mechanism.
2003,
Pubmed
Bouché,
Mitochondrial succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase of the gamma-aminobutyrate shunt is required to restrict levels of reactive oxygen intermediates in plants.
2003,
Pubmed
Bouché,
GABA in plants: just a metabolite?
2004,
Pubmed
Breitkreuz,
Identification and characterization of GABA, proline and quaternary ammonium compound transporters from Arabidopsis thaliana.
1999,
Pubmed
Carroll,
Ammonium Assimilation and the Role of [gamma]-Aminobutyric Acid in pH Homeostasis in Carrot Cell Suspensions.
1994,
Pubmed
Cater,
The Split Personality of Glutamate Transporters: A Chloride Channel and a Transporter.
2016,
Pubmed
Chung,
The production and efflux of 4-aminobutyrate in isolated mesophyll cells.
1992,
Pubmed
Cordeiro,
Aluminium-induced impairment of Ca2+ modulatory action on GABA transport in brain cortex nerve terminals.
2003,
Pubmed
Crawford,
The Synthesis of [gamma]-Aminobutyric Acid in Response to Treatments Reducing Cytosolic pH.
1994,
Pubmed
De Angeli,
AtALMT9 is a malate-activated vacuolar chloride channel required for stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.
2013,
Pubmed
Delhaize,
Aluminum Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (II. Aluminum-Stimulated Excretion of Malic Acid from Root Apices).
1993,
Pubmed
Delhaize,
Aluminum Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants.
1995,
Pubmed
Delhaize,
Engineering high-level aluminum tolerance in barley with the ALMT1 gene.
2004,
Pubmed
Dreyer,
Molecular Evolution of Slow and Quick Anion Channels (SLACs and QUACs/ALMTs).
2012,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Fait,
Targeted enhancement of glutamate-to-γ-aminobutyrate conversion in Arabidopsis seeds affects carbon-nitrogen balance and storage reserves in a development-dependent manner.
2011,
Pubmed
Fait,
Highway or byway: the metabolic role of the GABA shunt in plants.
2008,
Pubmed
Gilliham,
Linking Metabolism to Membrane Signaling: The GABA-Malate Connection.
2016,
Pubmed
Grant,
Vigabatrin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in epilepsy and disorders of motor control.
1991,
Pubmed
Grenson,
Multiplicity of the amino acid permeases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. IV. Evidence for a general amino acid permease.
1970,
Pubmed
Hoekenga,
AtALMT1, which encodes a malate transporter, is identified as one of several genes critical for aluminum tolerance in Arabidopsis.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Jackson,
Single channel currents activated by gamma-aminobutyric acid, muscimol, and (-)-pentobarbital in cultured mouse spinal neurons.
1982,
Pubmed
Jauniaux,
Nitrogen catabolite regulation of proline permease in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cloning of the PUT4 gene and study of PUT4 RNA levels in wild-type and mutant strains.
1987,
Pubmed
John,
The reaction of amino-oxyacetate with pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes.
1978,
Pubmed
Kobayashi,
Characterization of AtALMT1 expression in aluminum-inducible malate release and its role for rhizotoxic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
2007,
Pubmed
Kollist,
Closing gaps: linking elements that control stomatal movement.
2014,
Pubmed
Kovermann,
The Arabidopsis vacuolar malate channel is a member of the ALMT family.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lakshmanan,
Root transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to beneficial Bacillus subtilis FB17 rhizobacteria revealed genes for bacterial recruitment and plant defense independent of malate efflux.
2013,
Pubmed
Liang,
Low pH, aluminum, and phosphorus coordinately regulate malate exudation through GmALMT1 to improve soybean adaptation to acid soils.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ligaba,
Functional, structural and phylogenetic analysis of domains underlying the Al sensitivity of the aluminum-activated malate/anion transporter, TaALMT1.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Livingston,
Vigabatrin in the treatment of epilepsy in children.
1989,
Pubmed
Löscher,
Use of inhibitors of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase for the estimation of GABA turnover in various brain regions of rats: a reevaluation of aminooxyacetic acid.
1989,
Pubmed
Ma,
Aluminium tolerance in plants and the complexing role of organic acids.
2001,
Pubmed
Marks,
Protein structure prediction from sequence variation.
2012,
Pubmed
Mekonnen,
Gamma-aminobutyric acid depletion affects stomata closure and drought tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana.
2016,
Pubmed
Meyer,
AtALMT12 represents an R-type anion channel required for stomatal movement in Arabidopsis guard cells.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Meyer,
AtGAT1, a high affinity transporter for gamma-aminobutyric acid in Arabidopsis thaliana.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Meyer,
Malate transport by the vacuolar AtALMT6 channel in guard cells is subject to multiple regulation.
2011,
Pubmed
Motoda,
The Membrane Topology of ALMT1, an Aluminum-Activated Malate Transport Protein in Wheat (Triticum aestivum).
2007,
Pubmed
Nugent,
Detecting pore-lining regions in transmembrane protein sequences.
2012,
Pubmed
Palanivelu,
Pollen tube growth and guidance is regulated by POP2, an Arabidopsis gene that controls GABA levels.
2003,
Pubmed
Palmer,
The varied functions of aluminium-activated malate transporters-much more than aluminium resistance.
2016,
Pubmed
Piñeros,
Novel properties of the wheat aluminum tolerance organic acid transporter (TaALMT1) revealed by electrophysiological characterization in Xenopus Oocytes: functional and structural implications.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Preuss,
Channel-like characteristics of the low-affinity barley phosphate transporter PHT1;6 when expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ramesh,
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling in plants.
2017,
Pubmed
Ramesh,
GABA signalling modulates plant growth by directly regulating the activity of plant-specific anion transporters.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Renault,
The Arabidopsis pop2-1 mutant reveals the involvement of GABA transaminase in salt stress tolerance.
2010,
Pubmed
Reyes-Darias,
Specific gamma-aminobutyrate chemotaxis in pseudomonads with different lifestyle.
2015,
Pubmed
Risso,
Sodium-dependent GABA-induced currents in GAT1-transfected HeLa cells.
1996,
Pubmed
Roberts,
Does GABA Act as a Signal in Plants?: Hints from Molecular Studies.
2007,
Pubmed
Roelfsema,
Anion channels: master switches of stress responses.
2012,
Pubmed
Ryan,
The identification of aluminium-resistance genes provides opportunities for enhancing crop production on acid soils.
2011,
Pubmed
Sasaki,
A wheat gene encoding an aluminum-activated malate transporter.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Schiestl,
High efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells using single stranded nucleic acids as a carrier.
1989,
Pubmed
Scholz,
Evidence for GABA-Induced Systemic GABA Accumulation in Arabidopsis upon Wounding.
2017,
Pubmed
Sharma,
The ALMT Family of Organic Acid Transporters in Plants and Their Involvement in Detoxification and Nutrient Security.
2016,
Pubmed
Shelp,
Metabolism and functions of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
1999,
Pubmed
Shelp,
Subcellular compartmentation of 4-aminobutyrate (GABA) metabolism in arabidopsis: An update.
2017,
Pubmed
Sigel,
Structure, function, and modulation of GABA(A) receptors.
2012,
Pubmed
Smith,
Functional domains of GABAA receptors.
1995,
Pubmed
Snedden,
Proton/l-Glutamate Symport and the Regulation of Intracellular pH in Isolated Mesophyll Cells.
1992,
Pubmed
Song,
Exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid alleviates oxidative damage caused by aluminium and proton stresses on barley seedlings.
2010,
Pubmed
Storici,
Structures of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) aminotransferase, a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, and [2Fe-2S] cluster-containing enzyme, complexed with gamma-ethynyl-GABA and with the antiepilepsy drug vigabatrin.
2004,
Pubmed
Trombley,
Selective modulation of GABAA receptors by aluminum.
1998,
Pubmed
Tsirigos,
The TOPCONS web server for consensus prediction of membrane protein topology and signal peptides.
2015,
Pubmed
WALLACH,
Studies on the GABA pathway. I. The inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid-alpha-ketoglutaric acid transaminase in vitro and in vivo by U-7524 (amino-oxyacetic acid).
1961,
Pubmed
Wood,
The role of GABA metabolism in the convulsant and anticonvulsant actions of aminooxyacetic acid.
1973,
Pubmed
Yamaguchi,
Evidence for the plasma membrane localization of Al-activated malate transporter (ALMT1).
2005,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Identification of a probable pore-forming domain in the multimeric vacuolar anion channel AtALMT9.
2013,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Characterization of the TaALMT1 protein as an Al3+-activated anion channel in transformed tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cells.
2008,
Pubmed
Žárský,
Signal transduction: GABA receptor found in plants.
2015,
Pubmed