Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Genes Dev
1999 Sep 01;1317:2271-83. doi: 10.1101/gad.13.17.2271.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC subunits for condensation and Cdc2 phosphorylation of Cut3/SMC4.
Sutani T
,
Yuasa T
,
Tomonaga T
,
Dohmae N
,
Takio K
,
Yanagida M
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The condensin complex in frog extracts, containing two SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) and three non-SMC subunits, promotes mitotic chromosome condensation, and its supercoiling activity increases during mitosis by Cdc2 phosphorylation. Here, we report that fission yeast has the same five-member condensin complex, each of which is essential for mitotic condensation. The condensin complex was purified and the subunits were identified by microsequencing. Cnd1, Cnd2, and Cnd3, three non-SMC subunits showing a high degree of sequence conservation to frog subunits, are essential for viability, and their gene disruption leads to a phenotype indistinguishable from that observed in cut3-477 and cut14-208, known mutations in SMC4 and SMC2-like subunits. Condensin subunits tagged with GFP were observed to alter dramatically their localization during the cell cycle, enriched in the nucleus during mitosis, but cytoplasmic during other stages. This stage-specific alteration in localization requires mitosis-specific phosphorylation of the T19 Cdc2 site in Cut3. The T19 site is phosphorylated in vitro by Cdc2 kinase and shows the maximal phosphorylation in metaphase in vivo. Its alanine substitution mutant fails to suppress the temperature-sensitive phenotype of cut3-477, and shows deficiency in condensation, probably because Cut3 T19A remains cytoplasmic. Therefore, direct Cdc2 phosphorylation of fission yeast condensin may facilitate its nuclear accumulation during mitosis.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink???
10485849
???displayArticle.pmcLink???PMC316991 ???displayArticle.link???Genes Dev
Adachi,
Chromosome assembly in vitro: topoisomerase II is required for condensation.
1991, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Adachi,
Chromosome assembly in vitro: topoisomerase II is required for condensation.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Altschul,
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs.
1997,
Pubmed
Bak,
Higher-order structure of human mitotic chromosomes.
1977,
Pubmed
Basi,
TATA box mutations in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe nmt1 promoter affect transcription efficiency but not the transcription start point or thiamine repressibility.
1993,
Pubmed
Bhat,
Chromatid segregation at anaphase requires the barren product, a novel chromosome-associated protein that interacts with Topoisomerase II.
1996,
Pubmed
Fantes,
Epistatic gene interactions in the control of division in fission yeast.
1979,
Pubmed
Fukuda,
CRM1 is responsible for intracellular transport mediated by the nuclear export signal.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Funabiki,
Cell cycle-dependent specific positioning and clustering of centromeres and telomeres in fission yeast.
1993,
Pubmed
Hagan,
The use of cell division cycle mutants to investigate the control of microtubule distribution in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
1988,
Pubmed
Hirano,
Condensins, chromosome condensation protein complexes containing XCAP-C, XCAP-E and a Xenopus homolog of the Drosophila Barren protein.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hirano,
A temperature-sensitive mutation of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene nuc2+ that encodes a nuclear scaffold-like protein blocks spindle elongation in mitotic anaphase.
1988,
Pubmed
Hirano,
SMC protein complexes and higher-order chromosome dynamics.
1998,
Pubmed
Hirano,
Topoisomerase II does not play a scaffolding role in the organization of mitotic chromosomes assembled in Xenopus egg extracts.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hirano,
A heterodimeric coiled-coil protein required for mitotic chromosome condensation in vitro.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hiraoka,
The NDA3 gene of fission yeast encodes beta-tubulin: a cold-sensitive nda3 mutation reversibly blocks spindle formation and chromosome movement in mitosis.
1984,
Pubmed
Ishii,
Requirement for PP1 phosphatase and 20S cyclosome/APC for the onset of anaphase is lessened by the dosage increase of a novel gene sds23+.
1996,
Pubmed
Jessberger,
Chromosome dynamics: the SMC protein family.
1998,
Pubmed
Kimura,
Phosphorylation and activation of 13S condensin by Cdc2 in vitro.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kimura,
ATP-dependent positive supercoiling of DNA by 13S condensin: a biochemical implication for chromosome condensation.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Masaki,
Studies on a new proteolytic enzyme from A chromobacter lyticus M497-1. I. Purification and some enzymatic properties.
1981,
Pubmed
Maundrell,
nmt1 of fission yeast. A highly transcribed gene completely repressed by thiamine.
1990,
Pubmed
Melby,
The symmetrical structure of structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) and MukB proteins: long, antiparallel coiled coils, folded at a flexible hinge.
1998,
Pubmed
Mizukami,
A 13 kb resolution cosmid map of the 14 Mb fission yeast genome by nonrandom sequence-tagged site mapping.
1993,
Pubmed
Murray,
How to compact DNA.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Nurse,
Genetic control of the cell division cycle in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
1976,
Pubmed
Odorizzi,
The AP-3 complex: a coat of many colours.
1998,
Pubmed
Pereira,
Spc98p directs the yeast gamma-tubulin complex into the nucleus and is subject to cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation on the nuclear side of the spindle pole body.
1998,
Pubmed
Rothstein,
One-step gene disruption in yeast.
1983,
Pubmed
Saitoh,
ScII: an abundant chromosome scaffold protein is a member of a family of putative ATPases with an unusual predicted tertiary structure.
1994,
Pubmed
Saitoh,
The SMC proteins and the coming of age of the chromosome scaffold hypothesis.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Saka,
Fission yeast cut3 and cut14, members of a ubiquitous protein family, are required for chromosome condensation and segregation in mitosis.
1994,
Pubmed
Schmid,
Clathrin-coated vesicle formation and protein sorting: an integrated process.
1997,
Pubmed
Strunnikov,
SMC proteins and chromosome structure.
1998,
Pubmed
Strunnikov,
SMC2, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene essential for chromosome segregation and condensation, defines a subgroup within the SMC family.
1995,
Pubmed
Sutani,
DNA renaturation activity of the SMC complex implicated in chromosome condensation.
1997,
Pubmed
Uemura,
DNA topoisomerase II is required for condensation and separation of mitotic chromosomes in S. pombe.
1987,
Pubmed
Uemura,
Mitotic spindle pulls but fails to separate chromosomes in type II DNA topoisomerase mutants: uncoordinated mitosis.
1986,
Pubmed
Umesono,
Visualization of chromosomes in mitotically arrested cells of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
1983,
Pubmed
Yamashita,
Fission yeast APC/cyclosome subunits, Cut20/Apc4 and Cut23/Apc8, in regulating metaphase-anaphase progression and cellular stress responses.
1999,
Pubmed
Yanagida,
Fission yeast cut mutations revisited: control of anaphase.
1998,
Pubmed
