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XB-ART-34548
Nature 1999 Sep 16;4016750:243-51. doi: 10.1038/45738.
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The novel Cer-like protein Caronte mediates the establishment of embryonic left-right asymmetry.

Rodríguez Esteban C , Capdevila J , Economides AN , Pascual J , Ortiz A , Izpisúa Belmonte JC .


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In the chick embryo, left-right asymmetric patterns of gene expression in the lateral plate mesoderm are initiated by signals located in and around Hensen's node. Here we show that Caronte (Car), a secreted protein encoded by a member of the Cerberus/Dan gene family, mediates the Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-dependent induction of left-specific genes in the lateral plate mesoderm. Car is induced by Shh and repressed by fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF-8). Car activates the expression of Nodal by antagonizing a repressive activity of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs). Our results define a complex network of antagonistic molecular interactions between Activin, FGF-8, Lefty-1, Nodal, BMPs and Car that cooperate to control left-right asymmetry in the chick embryo.

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Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: cer1 lefty nodal shh

References :
King, Developmental biology. Antagonists on the left flank. 1999, Pubmed, Xenbase