Vignal E et al. (2007), Expression of RhoB in the developing Xenopus la...

XB-ART-34745

Gene Expr Patterns 2007 Jan 01;73:282-8. doi: 10.1016/j.modgep.2006.09.002.

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Expression of RhoB in the developing Xenopus laevis embryo.

Vignal E , de Santa Barbara P , Guémar L , Donnay JM , Fort P , Faure S .

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Rho GTPases are signaling components that participate to the control of cell morphology, adhesion and motility through the regulation of F-actin cytoskeleton dynamics. In this paper, we report the identification of RhoB in Xenopus laevis (XRhoB) and its expression pattern during early development. Whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis indicated that XrhoB is expressed at high levels in the dorsal marginal zone early in gastrula and in the dorsal midline at later stages. At mid-neurula stages, XrhoB expression extends to the central nervous system, presomitic mesoderm and somites. Later during development, rhoB mRNA is detected in the eyes, the migrating neural crest cells as well as the dorso-lateral part of the somites.

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Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: actl6a egr2 rho rho.2 rhob tbxt twist1

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	Fig. 3. Spatial expression of XrhoB during gastrula stages detected by whole-mount in situ hybridization. Whole-mount in situ hybridization with XrhoB (A, B, F and G) and Xbra (D and I) probes. (A) Stage 10.25. Vegetal view. Dorsal side is on the right. XrhoB expression is localized at the dorsal marginal zone. (B) Stage 11. Vegetal view. Dorsal side is up. (C) Sagittal hemisection across the transverse C line of the embryo shown in (B). Dorsal side is on the right. Expression of XrhoB is detected in the involuting dorsal mesodermal cells (idm). (D) Xbra expression at stage 11. Vegetal view. (E) Sagittal hemisection across the transverse E line of the embryo shown in (D). Dorsal side is on the right. (F–G) Whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis of XrhoB at stage 12.5 (F) and 13 (G). Vegetal views. (H) Transverse paraffin section across the H line of the embryo shown in (G). Black arrowhead shows RhoB staining in posterior paraxial mesoderm. (I) Xbra expression at stage 13. Vegetal view. Abbreviations: bl, blastopore lip; idm, involuting dorsal mesoderm.
	Fig. 4. Spatial expression pattern of XrhoB during early neurula stages. (A–B) Stage 14. (A) Dorsal view. (B) Anterior view. (C–D) Transverse paraffin sections across the C and D lines shown in (A) and (B). In (C), the black arrowhead shows RhoB staining in posterior paraxial mesoderm and the white, in axial tissue. (E) XrhoB expression pattern at stage 16. Dorsal view. XrhoB is expressed in the developing central nervous system, both in the forebrain and the hindbrain and accumulates in specific rhombomeres. (F) Stage 16 embryos hybridized with XrhoB (purple) and Xkrox20 (red) antisense probes. Dorsal view. Krox20 is expressed in rhombomeres 3 and 5 (R3 and R5) and in the neural crest cells (nc) adjacent to R5. In the hindbrain, expression of XrhoB accumulates in R4, based on the expression domains of krox20, and in a rhombomere above R3 (white arrowhead) that may correspond to R1 or R2 based on distances between streaks. (G) Xtwist staining at stage 16. Dorsal view. Xtwist is expressed in neural crest cells at the lateral edges of the neural plate. (H) XrhoB expression at stage 16. Dorsal view. In the trunk region, XrhoB is expressed in the neural tube and the developing somites. (I) XrhoB staining at stage 22. Dorsal view. (J) Transverse paraffin section across the J line of the embryo shown in (I). XrhoB is expressed in the dorsal part of the neural tube and in cranial migrating neural crest cells. (K) Xtwist staining at stage 22. Dorsal view. (L) Transverse paraffin section across the L line of the embryo shown in (K). Abbreviations: anr, anterior neural ridge; for, forebrain; hb, hindbrain; mnc, migrating neural crest cells; nc, neural crest cells; no, notochord; nt, neural tube; R3, rhombomere 3; R4, rhombomere 4; R5, rhombomere 5; so, somites.
	Fig. 5. Spatial expression pattern of XrhoB at late neurula stages. (A–B) Stage 27. Lateral views. (B) Magnified view of the head of the embryo shown in A. (C) Xtwist staining at stage 27. (D) Horizontal and (E) vertical paraffin sections across the D and E lines of the embryo shown in (A). XrhoB is expressed in the anterior and posterior branchial, hyoid and mandibular crest segments. (F and G) Transverse paraffin sections across the F and G lines of the embryo shown in (A). The blue arrowhead in (F) shows the dorso-lateral part of the somite and the red arrowhead, the dorsal part of the neural tube. (H–J) Stage 34. (H–I) Lateral views. (I) Magnified view of the head of the embryo shown in H. (J) Dorsal view. Abbreviations: ab, anterior branchial crest segment; pb, posterior branchial crest segment; hc, hyoid crest segment; mc, mandibular crest segment; df, dorsal fin; le, lens; mhb, midbrain hindrain boundary; mnc, migrating neural crest cells; no, notochord; ov, otic vesicle nt, neural tube; so, somites; upm, unsegmented presomitic mesoderm.
	Fig. 3. Spatial expression of XrhoB during gastrula stages detected by whole-mount in situ hybridization. Whole-mount in situ hybridization with XrhoB (A, B, F and G) and Xbra (D and I) probes. (A) Stage 10.25. Vegetal view. Dorsal side is on the right. XrhoB expression is localized at the dorsal marginal zone. (B) Stage 11. Vegetal view. Dorsal side is up. (C) Sagittal hemisection across the transverse C line of the embryo shown in (B). Dorsal side is on the right. Expression of XrhoB is detected in the involuting dorsal mesodermal cells (idm). (D) Xbra expression at stage 11. Vegetal view. (E) Sagittal hemisection across the transverse E line of the embryo shown in (D). Dorsal side is on the right. (F) Whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis of XrhoB at stage 12.5 (F) and 13 (G). Vegetal views. (H) Transverse paraYn section across the H line of the embryo shown in (G). Black arrowhead shows RhoB staining in posterior paraxial mesoderm. (I) Xbra expression at stage 13. Vegetal view. Abbreviations: bl, blastopore lip; idm, involuting dorsal mesoderm.
	Fig. 4. Spatial expression pattern of XrhoB during early neurula stages. (A) Stage 14. (A) Dorsal view. (B) Anterior view. (C) Transverse paraYn sections across the C and D lines shown in (A) and (B). In (C), the black arrowhead shows RhoB staining in posterior paraxial mesoderm and the white, in axial tissue. (E) XrhoB expression pattern at stage 16. Dorsal view. XrhoB is expressed in the developing central nervous system, both in the forebrain and the hindbrain and accumulates in speciWc rhombomeres. (F) Stage 16 embryos hybridized with XrhoB (purple) and Xkrox20 (red) antisense probes. Dorsal view. Krox20 is expressed in rhombomeres 3 and 5 (R3 and R5) and in the neural crest cells (nc) adjacent to R5. In the hindbrain, expression of XrhoB accumulates in R4, based on the expression domains of krox20, and in a rhombomere above R3 (white arrowhead) that may correspond to R1 or R2 based on distances between streaks. (G) Xtwist staining at stage 16. Dorsal view. Xtwist is expressed in neural crest cells at the lateral edges of the neural plate. (H) XrhoB expression at stage 16. Dorsal view. In the trunk region, XrhoB is expressed in the neural tube and the developing somites. (I) XrhoB staining at stage 22. Dorsal view. (J) Transverse paraYn section across the J line of the embryo shown in (I). XrhoB is expressed in the dorsal part of the neural tube and in cranial migrating neural crest cells. (K) Xtwist staining at stage 22. Dorsal view. (L) Transverse paraYn section across the L line of the embryo shown in (K). Abbreviations: anr, anterior neural ridge; for, forebrain; hb, hindbrain; mnc, migrating neural crest cells; nc, neural crest cells; no, notochord; nt, neural tube; R3, rhombomere 3; R4, rhombomere 4; R5, rhombomere 5; so, somites.
	Fig. 5. Spatial expression pattern of XrhoB at late neurula stages. (A) Stage 27. Lateral views. (B) MagniWed view of the head of the embryo shown in A. (C) Xtwist staining at stage 27. (D) Horizontal and (E) vertical paraYn sections across the D and E lines of the embryo shown in (A). XrhoB is expressed in the anterior and posterior branchial, hyoid and mandibular crest segments. (F and G) Transverse paraYn sections across the F and G lines of the embryo shown in (A). The blue arrowhead in (F) shows the dorso-lateral part of the somite and the red arrowhead, the dorsal part of the neural tube. (H, J) Stage 34. (H) Lateral views. (I) MagniWed view of the head of the embryo shown in H. (J) Dorsal view. Abbreviations: ab, anterior branchial crest segment; pb, posterior branchial crest segment; hc, hyoid crest segment; mc, mandibular crest segment; df, dorsal Wn; le, lens; mhb, midbrain hindrain boundary; mnc, migrating neural crest cells; no, notochord; ov, otic vesicle nt, neural tube; so, somites; upm, unsegmented presomitic mesoderm.
	rhob (ras homolog family member B) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryos, NF stage 10.25, as assayed by in situ hybridization, vegetal view, dorsal left.
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	rhob (ras homolog family member B) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage220, dorsal view, anterior up.
	rhob (ras homolog family member B) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage 27, lateral view, anterior right, dorsal up.
	rhob (ras homolog family member B) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage 27, lhorizontal section through pharyngeal arches, anterior right.
	rhob (ras homolog family member B) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage 27, cross section at mid-trunk level, dorsal up.