Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Nature
2008 Mar 27;4527186:487-91. doi: 10.1038/nature06608.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
SLAC1 is required for plant guard cell S-type anion channel function in stomatal signalling.
Vahisalu T
,
Kollist H
,
Wang YF
,
Nishimura N
,
Chan WY
,
Valerio G
,
Lamminmäki A
,
Brosché M
,
Moldau H
,
Desikan R
,
Schroeder JI
,
Kangasjärvi J
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Stomatal pores, formed by two surrounding guard cells in the epidermis of plant leaves, allow influx of atmospheric carbon dioxide in exchange for transpirational water loss. Stomata also restrict the entry of ozone--an important air pollutant that has an increasingly negative impact on crop yields, and thus global carbon fixation and climate change. The aperture of stomatal pores is regulated by the transport of osmotically active ions and metabolites across guard cell membranes. Despite the vital role of guard cells in controlling plant water loss, ozone sensitivity and CO2 supply, the genes encoding some of the main regulators of stomatal movements remain unknown. It has been proposed that guard cell anion channels function as important regulators of stomatal closure and are essential in mediating stomatal responses to physiological and stress stimuli. However, the genes encoding membrane proteins that mediate guard cell anion efflux have not yet been identified. Here we report the mapping and characterization of an ozone-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana mutant, slac1. We show that SLAC1 (SLOW ANION CHANNEL-ASSOCIATED 1) is preferentially expressed in guard cells and encodes a distant homologue of fungal and bacterial dicarboxylate/malic acid transport proteins. The plasma membrane protein SLAC1 is essential for stomatal closure in response to CO2, abscisic acid, ozone, light/dark transitions, humidity change, calcium ions, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide. Mutations in SLAC1 impair slow (S-type) anion channel currents that are activated by cytosolic Ca2+ and abscisic acid, but do not affect rapid (R-type) anion channel currents or Ca2+ channel function. A low homology of SLAC1 to bacterial and fungal organic acid transport proteins, and the permeability of S-type anion channels to malate suggest a vital role for SLAC1 in the function of S-type anion channels.
Allen,
A defined range of guard cell calcium oscillation parameters encodes stomatal movements.
2001, Pubmed
Allen,
A defined range of guard cell calcium oscillation parameters encodes stomatal movements.
2001,
Pubmed
Camarasa,
Characterization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe malate permease by expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
2001,
Pubmed
De Angeli,
The nitrate/proton antiporter AtCLCa mediates nitrate accumulation in plant vacuoles.
2006,
Pubmed
Desikan,
A new role for an old enzyme: nitrate reductase-mediated nitric oxide generation is required for abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana.
2002,
Pubmed
Frachisse,
Sulfate is both a substrate and an activator of the voltage-dependent anion channel of Arabidopsis hypocotyl cells.
1999,
Pubmed
Hashimoto,
Arabidopsis HT1 kinase controls stomatal movements in response to CO2.
2006,
Pubmed
Hetherington,
The role of stomata in sensing and driving environmental change.
2003,
Pubmed
Hopkin,
Carbon sinks threatened by increasing ozone.
2007,
Pubmed
Linder,
A slow anion channel in guard cells, activating at large hyperpolarization, may be principal for stomatal closing.
1992,
Pubmed
MacRobbie,
Signal transduction and ion channels in guard cells.
1998,
Pubmed
Mori,
CDPKs CPK6 and CPK3 function in ABA regulation of guard cell S-type anion- and Ca(2+)-permeable channels and stomatal closure.
2006,
Pubmed
Overmyer,
Ozone-sensitive arabidopsis rcd1 mutant reveals opposite roles for ethylene and jasmonate signaling pathways in regulating superoxide-dependent cell death.
2000,
Pubmed
Pandey,
Roles of ion channels and transporters in guard cell signal transduction.
2007,
Pubmed
Pei,
Calcium channels activated by hydrogen peroxide mediate abscisic acid signalling in guard cells.
2000,
Pubmed
Sasaki,
A wheat gene encoding an aluminum-activated malate transporter.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Schmidt,
Anion Selectivity of Slow Anion Channels in the Plasma Membrane of Guard Cells (Large Nitrate Permeability).
1994,
Pubmed
Sitch,
Indirect radiative forcing of climate change through ozone effects on the land-carbon sink.
2007,
Pubmed
Suh,
The ATP binding cassette transporter AtMRP5 modulates anion and calcium channel activities in Arabidopsis guard cells.
2007,
Pubmed
Van Kirk,
Release of Malate from Epidermal Strips during Stomatal Closure.
1978,
Pubmed
Webb,
Convergence of the abscisic acid, CO2, and extracellular calcium signal transduction pathways in stomatal guard cells.
1997,
Pubmed
Xie,
The identification of genes involved in the stomatal response to reduced atmospheric relative humidity.
2006,
Pubmed
Young,
CO(2) signaling in guard cells: calcium sensitivity response modulation, a Ca(2+)-independent phase, and CO(2) insensitivity of the gca2 mutant.
2006,
Pubmed
Zimmermann,
GENEVESTIGATOR. Arabidopsis microarray database and analysis toolbox.
2004,
Pubmed
