Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Dev Genes Evol
2013 Mar 01;2231-2:39-52. doi: 10.1007/s00427-012-0411-y.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Injury-induced asymmetric cell death as a driving force for head regeneration in Hydra.
Galliot B
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The freshwater Hydra polyp provides a unique model system to decipher the mechanisms underlying adult regeneration. Indeed, a single cut initiates two distinct regenerative processes, foot regeneration on one side and head regeneration on the other side, the latter relying on the rapid formation of a local headorganizer. Two aspects are discussed here: the asymmetric cellular remodeling induced by mid-gastric bisection and the signaling events that trigger headorganizer formation. In head-regenerating tips (but not in foot ones), a wave of cell death takes place immediately, leading the apoptotic cells to transiently release Wnt3 and activate the β-catenin pathway in the neighboring cycling cells to push them through mitosis. This process, which mimics the apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation process deciphered in Drosophila larvae regenerating their discs, likely corresponds to an evolutionarily conserved mechanism, also at work in Xenopus tadpoles regenerating their tail or mice regenerating their skin or liver. How is this process generated in Hydra? Several studies pointed to the necessary activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1-2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways during early head regeneration. Indeed inhibition of ERK 1-2 or knockdown of RSK, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and CREB-binding protein (CBP) prevent injury-induced apoptosis and head regeneration. The current scenario involves an asymmetric activation of the MAPK/CREB pathway to trigger injury-induced apoptosis in the interstitial cells and in the epithelial cells a CREB/CBP-dependent transcriptional activation of early genes essential for head-organizing activity as wnt3, HyBra1, and prdl-a. The question now is how bisection in the rather uniform central region of the polyp can generate this immediately asymmetric signaling.
Arvizu,
Activities of the protein kinases STK, PI3K, MEK, and ERK are required for the development of the head organizer in Hydra magnipapillata.
2006, Pubmed
Arvizu,
Activities of the protein kinases STK, PI3K, MEK, and ERK are required for the development of the head organizer in Hydra magnipapillata.
2006,
Pubmed
Bely,
Evolution of animal regeneration: re-emergence of a field.
2010,
Pubmed
Bergmann,
Apoptosis, stem cells, and tissue regeneration.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bode,
The interstitial cell lineage of hydra: a stem cell system that arose early in evolution.
1996,
Pubmed
Bosch,
Hydra and the evolution of stem cells.
2009,
Pubmed
Brockes,
Comparative aspects of animal regeneration.
2008,
Pubmed
Broun,
Formation of the head organizer in hydra involves the canonical Wnt pathway.
2005,
Pubmed
Cardenas,
STK, the src homologue, is responsible for the initial commitment to develop head structures in Hydra.
2003,
Pubmed
Cardenas,
Selective protein kinase inhibitors block head-specific differentiation in hydra.
2000,
Pubmed
Chera,
Injury-induced activation of the MAPK/CREB pathway triggers apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation in hydra head regeneration.
2011,
Pubmed
Chera,
Apoptotic cells provide an unexpected source of Wnt3 signaling to drive hydra head regeneration.
2009,
Pubmed
Chera,
The cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) as an integrative HUB selector in metazoans: clues from the hydra model system.
2007,
Pubmed
Chera,
Autophagy in Hydra: a response to starvation and stress in early animal evolution.
2009,
Pubmed
Cikala,
Identification of caspases and apoptosis in the simple metazoan Hydra.
1999,
Pubmed
David,
Distribution of interstitial stem cells in Hydra.
1980,
Pubmed
David,
Interstitial stem cells in Hydra: multipotency and decision-making.
2012,
Pubmed
Fan,
Apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation. The Cell is dead. Long live the Cell!
2008,
Pubmed
Galliot,
The Hydra model: disclosing an apoptosis-driven generator of Wnt-based regeneration.
2010,
Pubmed
Galliot,
Hydra, a niche for cell and developmental plasticity.
2006,
Pubmed
Galliot,
Origin of anterior patterning. How old is our head?
2000,
Pubmed
Galliot,
The cAMP response element binding protein is involved in hydra regeneration.
1995,
Pubmed
Galliot,
Cnidarians as a model system for understanding evolution and regeneration.
2002,
Pubmed
Galliot,
Cell plasticity in homeostasis and regeneration.
2010,
Pubmed
Gauchat,
prdl-a, a gene marker for hydra apical differentiation related to triploblastic paired-like head-specific genes.
1998,
Pubmed
Graczyk,
Caspase inhibitors as anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic agents.
2002,
Pubmed
Guder,
An ancient Wnt-Dickkopf antagonism in Hydra.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hassel,
The level of expression of a protein kinase C gene may be an important component of the patterning process in Hydra.
1998,
Pubmed
Haynie,
The effects of X-rays on the proliferation dynamics of cells in the imaginal wing disc ofDrosophila melanogaster.
1977,
Pubmed
Herold,
Cloning and characterisation of PKB and PRK homologs from Hydra and the evolution of the protein kinase family.
2002,
Pubmed
Hobmayer,
WNT signalling molecules act in axis formation in the diploblastic metazoan Hydra.
2000,
Pubmed
Hobmayer,
Stemness in Hydra - a current perspective.
2012,
Pubmed
Holstein,
Pattern of epithelial cell cycling in hydra.
1991,
Pubmed
Hua,
A splice variant of stress response gene ATF3 counteracts NF-kappaB-dependent anti-apoptosis through inhibiting recruitment of CREB-binding protein/p300 coactivator.
2006,
Pubmed
Huh,
Compensatory proliferation induced by cell death in the Drosophila wing disc requires activity of the apical cell death caspase Dronc in a nonapoptotic role.
2004,
Pubmed
Kaloulis,
Reactivation of developmental programs: the cAMP-response element-binding protein pathway is involved in hydra head regeneration.
2004,
Pubmed
Khalturin,
Transgenic stem cells in Hydra reveal an early evolutionary origin for key elements controlling self-renewal and differentiation.
2007,
Pubmed
Kondo,
Altruistic cell suicide in relation to radiation hormesis.
1988,
Pubmed
Kuranaga,
Nonapoptotic functions of caspases: caspases as regulatory molecules for immunity and cell-fate determination.
2007,
Pubmed
Lasi,
Apoptosis in pre-Bilaterians: Hydra as a model.
2010,
Pubmed
Lengfeld,
Multiple Wnts are involved in Hydra organizer formation and regeneration.
2009,
Pubmed
Li,
Apoptotic cells activate the "phoenix rising" pathway to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration.
2010,
Pubmed
MacWilliams,
Hydra transplantation phenomena and the mechanism of Hydra head regeneration. II. Properties of the head activation.
1983,
Pubmed
Manuel,
PI3K and ERK 1-2 regulate early stages during head regeneration in hydra.
2006,
Pubmed
Martín,
Apoptosis in Drosophila: compensatory proliferation and undead cells.
2009,
Pubmed
Mayr,
Transcriptional regulation by the phosphorylation-dependent factor CREB.
2001,
Pubmed
Miljkovic-Licina,
Head regeneration in wild-type hydra requires de novo neurogenesis.
2007,
Pubmed
Mochizuki,
Expression and evolutionary conservation of nanos-related genes in Hydra.
2000,
Pubmed
Murate,
Hydra regeneration from recombined ectodermal and endodermal tissue. II. Differential stability in the ectodermal and endodermal epithelial organization.
1997,
Pubmed
Nakamura,
Autoregulatory and repressive inputs localize Hydra Wnt3 to the head organizer.
2011,
Pubmed
Nishimiya-Fujisawa,
Germline stem cells and sex determination in Hydra.
2012,
Pubmed
Pérez-Garijo,
Caspase inhibition during apoptosis causes abnormal signalling and developmental aberrations in Drosophila.
2004,
Pubmed
Ratcliff,
The Trembley Effect or the birth of marine zoology.
2012,
Pubmed
Reinhardt,
HyBMP5-8b, a BMP5-8 orthologue, acts during axial patterning and tentacle formation in hydra.
2004,
Pubmed
Reiter,
Hydra, a versatile model to study the homeostatic and developmental functions of cell death.
2012,
Pubmed
Ryoo,
Apoptotic cells can induce compensatory cell proliferation through the JNK and the Wingless signaling pathways.
2004,
Pubmed
Sarras,
Components, structure, biogenesis and function of the Hydra extracellular matrix in regeneration, pattern formation and cell differentiation.
2012,
Pubmed
Shimizu,
Transplantation analysis of developmental mechanisms in Hydra.
2012,
Pubmed
Simon,
Not lost in translation Sensing the loss and filling the gap during regeneration.
2009,
Pubmed
Steele,
Developmental signaling in Hydra: what does it take to build a "simple" animal?
2002,
Pubmed
Sugiyama,
Genetic analysis of developmental mechanisms in hydra. XXI. Enhancement of regeneration in a regeneration-deficient mutant strain by the elimination of the interstitial cell lineage.
1993,
Pubmed
Sánchez Alvarado,
Bridging the regeneration gap: genetic insights from diverse animal models.
2006,
Pubmed
Technau,
HyBra1, a Brachyury homologue, acts during head formation in Hydra.
1999,
Pubmed
Teo,
An evolutionary conserved role of Wnt signaling in stem cell fate decision.
2006,
Pubmed
