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Chem Biol
2013 Dec 19;2012:1536-46. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.11.005.
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Light-activated serotonin for exploring its action in biological systems.
Rea AC
,
Vandenberg LN
,
Ball RE
,
Snouffer AA
,
Hudson AG
,
Zhu Y
,
McLain DE
,
Johnston LL
,
Lauderdale JD
,
Levin M
,
Dore TM
.
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Serotonin (5-HT) is a neuromodulator involved in regulating mood, appetite, memory, learning, pain, and establishment of left-right (LR) asymmetry in embryonic development. To explore the role of 5-HT in physiology, we have created two forms of "caged" 5-HT, BHQ-O-5HT and BHQ-N-5HT. When exposed to 365 or 740 nm light, BHQ-O-5HT releases 5-HT through one- or two-photon excitation, respectively. BHQ-O-5HT mediated changes in neural activity in cultured mouse primary sensory neurons and the trigeminal ganglion and optic tectum of intact zebrafish larvae in the form of high-amplitude spiking in response to light. In Xenopus laevis embryos, light-activated 5-HT increased the occurrence of LR patterning defects. Maximal rates of LR defects were observed when 5-HT was released at stage 5 compared with stage 8. These experiments show the potential for BHQ-caged serotonins in studying 5-HT-regulated physiological processes.
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