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J Phys Chem Lett
2019 Apr 04;107:1477-1481. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00340.
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Gd(III)-Gd(III) Relaxation-Induced Dipolar Modulation Enhancement for In-Cell Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Distance Determination.
Azarkh M
,
Bieber A
,
Qi M
,
Fischer JWA
,
Yulikov M
,
Godt A
,
Drescher M
.
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In-cell distance determination by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy reveals essential structural information about biomacromolecules under native conditions. We demonstrate that the pulsed EPR technique RIDME (relaxation induced dipolar modulation enhancement) can be utilized for such distance determination. The performance of in-cell RIDME has been assessed at Q-band using stiff molecular rulers labeled with Gd(III)-PyMTA and microinjected into Xenopus laevis oocytes. The overtone coefficients are determined to be the same for protonated aqueous solutions and inside cells. As compared to in-cell DEER (double electron-electron resonance, also abbreviated as PELDOR), in-cell RIDME features approximately 5 times larger modulation depth and does not show artificial broadening in the distance distributions due to the effect of pseudosecular terms.
Figure 1. Structural formulas of Gd-ruler-2.1 (A) and Gd-ruler-3.0
(B). (C)
Dead-time free RIDME pulse sequence.
Figure 2. RIDME form factors (left)
and corresponding distance distributions
(right) obtained from frozen aqueous solutions of Gd-ruler-2.1 (A)
and Gd-ruler-3.0 (B) in H2O/glycerol (8/2 by volume). Gray
areas in the right panels show the uncertainty range (as defined in
the Supporting Information) in the distance
distributions.
Figure 3. RIDME
form factors (left) and the corresponding distance distributions
(right) for Gd-ruler-3.0 in cell extract (A) and in oocytes (B). Gray
areas in the right panels show the uncertainty range (as defined in
the Supporting Information) in the distance
distributions.
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