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XB-ART-56512
Nature 2019 Aug 01;5727767:131-135. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1413-y.
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A calmodulin-gated calcium channel links pathogen patterns to plant immunity.

Tian W , Hou C , Ren Z , Wang C , Zhao F , Dahlbeck D , Hu S , Zhang L , Niu Q , Li L , Staskawicz BJ , Luan S .


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Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) activate innate immunity in both animals and plants. Although calcium has long been recognized as an essential signal for PAMP-triggered immunity in plants, the mechanism of PAMP-induced calcium signalling remains unknown1,2. Here we report that calcium nutrient status is critical for calcium-dependent PAMP-triggered immunity in plants. When calcium supply is sufficient, two genes that encode cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) proteins, CNGC2 and CNGC4, are essential for PAMP-induced calcium signalling in Arabidopsis3-7. In a reconstitution system, we find that the CNGC2 and CNGC4 proteins together-but neither alone-assemble into a functional calcium channel that is blocked by calmodulin in the resting state. Upon pathogen attack, the channel is phosphorylated and activated by the effector kinase BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1) of the pattern-recognition receptor complex, and this triggers an increase in the concentration of cytosolic calcium8-10. The CNGC-mediated calcium entry thus provides a critical link between the pattern-recognition receptor complex and calcium-dependent immunity programs in the PAMP-triggered immunity signalling pathway in plants.

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References [+] :
DeFalco, Multiple Calmodulin-Binding Sites Positively and Negatively Regulate Arabidopsis CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL12. 2016, Pubmed