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XB-ART-2100
Cell 2005 Mar 25;1206:857-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.01.013.
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Maternal wnt11 activates the canonical wnt signaling pathway required for axis formation in Xenopus embryos.

Tao Q , Yokota C , Puck H , Kofron M , Birsoy B , Yan D , Asashima M , Wylie CC , Lin X , Heasman J .


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Wnt signaling pathways play essential roles in patterning and proliferation of embryonic and adult tissues. In many organisms, this signaling pathway directs axis formation. Although the importance of intracellular components of the pathway, including beta-catenin and Tcf3, has been established, the mechanism of their activation is uncertain. In Xenopus, the initiating signal that localizes beta-catenin to dorsal nuclei has been suggested to be intracellular and Wnt independent. Here, we provide three lines of evidence that the pathway specifying the dorsal axis is activated extracellularly in Xenopus embryos. First, we identify Wnt11 as the initiating signal. Second, we show that activation requires the glycosyl transferase X.EXT1. Third, we find that the EGF-CFC protein, FRL1, is also essential and interacts with Wnt11 to activate canonical Wnt signaling.

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Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: chrd cripto.3 egf ext1 fzd7 gsc hhex myc myod1 ncam1 nodal1 nodal3 otx2 ptpn11 sia1 sox17a tbxt tcf3 tcf7l1 vegt ventx1.2 wnt11 wnt11b wnt5a wnt8a
GO keywords: dorsal/ventral axis specification [+]
???displayArticle.morpholinos??? wnt11b MO1

???displayArticle.disOnts??? hereditary multiple exostoses
???displayArticle.omims??? EXOSTOSES, MULTIPLE, TYPE I; EXT1

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References :
Jessen, Axis formation--beta-catenin catches a Wnt. 2005, Pubmed, Xenbase