Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
The permeability of the nuclear envelope in dividing and nondividing cell cultures.
Feldherr CM
,
Akin D
.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether the permeability characteristics of the nuclear envelope vary during different phases of cellular activity. Both passive diffusion and signal-mediated transport across the envelope were analyzed during the HeLa cell cycle, and also in dividing, confluent (growth-arrested), and differentiated 3T3-L1 cultures. Colloidal gold stabilized with BSA was used to study diffusion, whereas transport was investigated using gold particles coated with nucleoplasmin, a karyophilic Xenopus oocyte protein. The gold tracers were microinjected into the cytoplasm, and subsequently localized within the cells by electron microscopy. The rates of diffusion in HeLa cells were greatest during the first and fifth hours after the onset of anaphase. These results correlate directly with the known rates of pore formation, suggesting that pores are more permeable during or just after reformation. Signal-mediated transport in HeLa cells occurs through channels that are located within the pore complexes and have functional diameters up to 230-250 A. Unlike diffusion, no significant differences in transport were observed during different phases of the cell cycle. A comparison of dividing and confluent 3T3-L1 cultures revealed highly significant differences in the transport of nucleoplasmin-gold across the envelope. The nuclei of dividing cells not only incorporated larger particles (230 A versus 190 A in diameter, including the protein coat), but the relative uptake of the tracer was about seven times greater than that in growth-arrested cells. Differentiation of confluent cells to adipocytes was accompanied by an increase in the maximum diameter of the transport channel to approximately 230 A.
Akey,
Interactions and structure of the nuclear pore complex revealed by cryo-electron microscopy.
1989, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Akey,
Interactions and structure of the nuclear pore complex revealed by cryo-electron microscopy.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Akey,
Protein import through the nuclear pore complex is a multistep process.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Benavente,
Functional role of newly formed pore complexes in postmitotic nuclear reorganization.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dworetzky,
The effects of variations in the number and sequence of targeting signals on nuclear uptake.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
FELDHERR,
THE EFFECT OF THE ELECTRON-OPAQUE PORE MATERIAL ON EXCHANGES THROUGH THE NUCLEAR ANNULI.
1965,
Pubmed
Feldherr,
Movement of a karyophilic protein through the nuclear pores of oocytes.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Feldherr,
Nucleocytoplasmic exchanges during cell division.
1966,
Pubmed
Feldherr,
Nucleocytoplasmic exchanges during early interphase.
1968,
Pubmed
Frost,
Evidence for the involvement of vicinal sulfhydryl groups in insulin-activated hexose transport by 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
1985,
Pubmed
Graessmann,
Microinjection of early SV40 DNA fragments and T antigen.
1980,
Pubmed
Ingber,
Endothelial growth factors and extracellular matrix regulate DNA synthesis through modulation of cell and nuclear expansion.
1987,
Pubmed
Jiang,
Nuclear transport in 3T3 fibroblasts: effects of growth factors, transformation, and cell shape.
1988,
Pubmed
Kingsley,
Preparation of cultured mammalian cells for transmission and scanning electron microscopy using Aclar film.
1988,
Pubmed
LEVINE,
CONTACT INHIBITION, MACROMOLECULAR SYNTHESIS, AND POLYRIBOSOMES IN CULTURED HUMAN DIPLOID FIBROBLASTS.
1965,
Pubmed
Lanford,
Effect of basic and nonbasic amino acid substitutions on transport induced by simian virus 40 T-antigen synthetic peptide nuclear transport signals.
1988,
Pubmed
Maul,
Time sequence of nuclear pore formation in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes and in HeLa cells during the cell cycle.
1972,
Pubmed
Maul,
The nuclear and the cytoplasmic pore complex: structure, dynamics, distribution, and evolution.
1977,
Pubmed
Newmeyer,
Nuclear import can be separated into distinct steps in vitro: nuclear pore binding and translocation.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Paine,
Nuclear envelope permeability.
1975,
Pubmed
Peters,
Fluorescence microphotolysis to measure nucleocytoplasmic transport and intracellular mobility.
1986,
Pubmed
ROBBINS,
THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF A MAMMALIAN CELL DURING THE MITOTIC CYCLE.
1964,
Pubmed
Roberts,
The effect of protein context on nuclear location signal function.
1987,
Pubmed
Spurr,
A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy.
1969,
Pubmed
Swanson,
Nuclear reassembly excludes large macromolecules.
1987,
Pubmed