Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Protein import through the nuclear pore complex is a multistep process.
Akey CW
,
Goldfarb DS
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The transport of macromolecules across the nuclear envelope is mediated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Using cryo-electron microscopy and image processing we have mapped the interaction of three specific gold probes with the NPC and obtained projection maps of two possible intermediates in nuclear import. The probes used in these experiments were (a) mAb-414, which cross-reacts with Xenopus nucleoporins containing O-linked N-acetyl glucosamines; (b) wheat germ agglutinin, a transport inhibitor; and (c) nucleoplasmin, a transport substrate. Strong binding sites of the three probes are circularly arrayed on NPCs between radii of 100 and 125 A and may be coextensive. These results suggest that nucleoplasmin-gold (NP-gold) can form at least three distinct complexes with a central transport assembly of the NPC, which may represent intermediates of a multistep protein import pathway. Initially, NP-gold appears to bind at multiple sites located around the periphery of the closed NPC transporter and also directly over the center where it can dock. In a subsequent step NP-gold is translocated through the nuclear pore.
Adam,
Identification of specific binding proteins for a nuclear location sequence.
1989, Pubmed
Adam,
Identification of specific binding proteins for a nuclear location sequence.
1989,
Pubmed
Akey,
Interactions and structure of the nuclear pore complex revealed by cryo-electron microscopy.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Baglia,
Nuclear ribonucleoprotein release and nucleoside triphosphatase activity are inhibited by antibodies directed against one nuclear matrix glycoprotein.
1983,
Pubmed
Davis,
Nuclear pore complex contains a family of glycoproteins that includes p62: glycosylation through a previously unidentified cellular pathway.
1987,
Pubmed
Davis,
Identification and characterization of a nuclear pore complex protein.
1986,
Pubmed
Dingwall,
Protein import into the cell nucleus.
1986,
Pubmed
Dingwall,
Nucleoplasmin cDNA sequence reveals polyglutamic acid tracts and a cluster of sequences homologous to putative nuclear localization signals.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dingwall,
A polypeptide domain that specifies migration of nucleoplasmin into the nucleus.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dingwall,
The nucleoplasmin nuclear location sequence is larger and more complex than that of SV-40 large T antigen.
1988,
Pubmed
Dubochet,
Cryo-electron microscopy of vitrified specimens.
1988,
Pubmed
Dworetzky,
Translocation of RNA-coated gold particles through the nuclear pores of oocytes.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dworetzky,
The effects of variations in the number and sequence of targeting signals on nuclear uptake.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Featherstone,
A monoclonal antibody against the nuclear pore complex inhibits nucleocytoplasmic transport of protein and RNA in vivo.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Feldherr,
Movement of a karyophilic protein through the nuclear pores of oocytes.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Finlay,
Inhibition of in vitro nuclear transport by a lectin that binds to nuclear pores.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Franke,
Structure, biochemistry, and functions of the nuclear envelope.
1974,
Pubmed
Gerace,
Functional organization of the nuclear envelope.
1988,
Pubmed
Goldfarb,
Synthetic peptides as nuclear localization signals.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gurdon,
Injected nuclei in frog oocytes: fate, enlargement, and chromatin dispersal.
1976,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hanover,
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine is attached to proteins of the nuclear pore. Evidence for cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic glycoproteins.
1987,
Pubmed
Kalderon,
Sequence requirements for nuclear location of simian virus 40 large-T antigen.
,
Pubmed
Kalderon,
A short amino acid sequence able to specify nuclear location.
1984,
Pubmed
Lanford,
Effect of basic and nonbasic amino acid substitutions on transport induced by simian virus 40 T-antigen synthetic peptide nuclear transport signals.
1988,
Pubmed
Milligan,
Molecular structure determination of crystalline specimens in frozen aqueous solutions.
1984,
Pubmed
Moreland,
Amino acid sequences that determine the nuclear localization of yeast histone 2B.
1987,
Pubmed
Newmeyer,
Assembly in vitro of nuclei active in nuclear protein transport: ATP is required for nucleoplasmin accumulation.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Newmeyer,
Nuclear import can be separated into distinct steps in vitro: nuclear pore binding and translocation.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Newport,
The nucleus: structure, function, and dynamics.
1987,
Pubmed
Paine,
Nuclear envelope permeability.
1975,
Pubmed
Peters,
Fluorescence microphotolysis to measure nucleocytoplasmic transport and intracellular mobility.
1986,
Pubmed
Richardson,
Nuclear protein migration involves two steps: rapid binding at the nuclear envelope followed by slower translocation through nuclear pores.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Rihs,
Nuclear transport kinetics depend on phosphorylation-site-containing sequences flanking the karyophilic signal of the Simian virus 40 T-antigen.
1989,
Pubmed
Smith,
The nuclear location signal.
1985,
Pubmed
Snow,
Monoclonal antibodies identify a group of nuclear pore complex glycoproteins.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Stevens,
RNA transport from nucleus to cytoplasm in Chironomus salivary glands.
1966,
Pubmed
Tobian,
tRNA nuclear transport: defining the critical regions of human tRNAimet by point mutagenesis.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Unwin,
Molecular structure determination by electron microscopy of unstained crystalline specimens.
1975,
Pubmed
Unwin,
A large particle associated with the perimeter of the nuclear pore complex.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wright,
The crystal structure of wheat germ agglutinin at 2-2 A resolution.
1977,
Pubmed
Yoneda,
Reversible inhibition of protein import into the nucleus by wheat germ agglutinin injected into cultured cells.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Zasloff,
tRNA transport from the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell: carrier-mediated translocation process.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase