XB-ART-54232
Curr Pathobiol Rep
2017 Jun 01;52:187-196. doi: 10.1007/s40139-017-0142-x.
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An interspecies heart-to-heart: Using Xenopus to uncover the genetic basis of congenital heart disease.
Garfinkel AM
,
Khokha MK
.
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Given the enormous impact congenital heart disease has on child health, it is imperative that we improve our understanding of the disease mechanisms that underlie patient phenotypes and clinical outcomes. This review will outline the merits of using the frog model, Xenopus, as a tool to study human cardiac development and left-right patterning mechanisms associated with congenital heart disease. RECENT FINDINGS: Patient-driven gene discovery continues to provide new insight into the mechanisms of congenital heart disease, and by extension, patient phenotypes and outcomes. By identifying gene variants in CHD patients, studies in Xenopus have elucidated the molecular mechanisms of how these candidate genes affect cardiac development, both cardiogenesis as well as left-right patterning, which can have a major impact on cardiac morphogenesis. Xenopus has also proved to be a useful screening tool for the biological relevance of identified patient-mutations, and ongoing investigations continue to illuminate disease mechanisms. SUMMARY: Analyses in model organisms can help to elucidate the disease mechanisms underlying CHD patient phenotypes. Using Xenopus to disentangle the genotype-phenotype relationships of well-known and novel disease genes could enhance the ability of physicians to efficaciously treat patients and predict clinical outcomes, ultimately improving quality of life and survival rates of patients born with congenital heart disease.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 29082114
???displayArticle.pmcLink??? PMC5658036
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???displayArticle.grants??? [+]
R01 HD081379 NICHD NIH HHS , R33 HL120783 NHLBI NIH HHS , R01 HL124402 NHLBI NIH HHS , UL1 TR001863 NCATS NIH HHS
Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: chrd
GO keywords: heart development [+]
???displayArticle.disOnts??? visceral heterotaxy [+]
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